Tuchman, A Distant Mirror: The Calamitous 14th Century (2014)

Barbara W. Tuchman.
A Distant Mirror: The Calamitous 14th Century.
New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2014.
(First published: New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1978.)

Book Information: Publisher; Wikipedia; Google Books; Amazon.com.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Author Information:

• Barbara W. Tuchman (1912 – 1989), Wikipedia.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Video: Barbara Tuchman

• Barbara Tuchman and Richard Heffner, "'A Distant Mirror' The 14th Century and Today," The Open Mind, Episode 1405, 1979, Archive.org.
• Barbara Tuchman, "Landon Lecture," Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 08 September 1988.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Wikipedia Articles:

• Enguerrand VII de Coucy (1340 – 1397), French nobleman whose life frames Tuchman's narrative.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
• Late Middle Ages.
• France in the Middle Ages.
• England in the Late Middle Ages.
• Italy in the Middle Ages.
• Holy Roman Empire: Hohenstaufen dynasty.
  Holy Roman Empire: Late Middle Ages.
• History of Germany: Middle Ages.
• Spain in the Middle Ages.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
• Crisis of the Late Middle Ages.
• Great Famine of 1315–1317, due to extreme weather events and subsequent poor harvests, possibly related to the transition from the Medieval Warm Period (c. 950 to c. 1250) to the Little Ice Age (16th–19th centuries).
• Black Death, 1346–1353.
• Hundred Years' War, 1337–1453.
  Major Phases of the Hundred Years' War:
  
  • the Edwardian War, 1337–1360.
  • the Caroline War, 1369–1389.
  • the Lancastrian War, 1415–1453.
• Revolts:
  
  • Popular revolts in late-medieval Europe.
  • 1323–1328 Flemish revolt.
  • Jacquerie, French peasant revolt of 1358.
  • Ciompi Revolt, Florence, 1378–1382.
  • Languedoc, 1379.
  • Revolt of Ghent (1379–1385).
  • Peasants' Revolt, England, 1381.
  • Harelle, Rouen, and spread to Paris and other areas of France, 1382.
    Maillotins uprising, Paris, 1382.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Tuchman tells this history from the perspective of the French. Most of my reading on this period has been from the English point of view, so Tuchman's work is an interesting contrast.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales (1998)

Geoffrey Chaucer.
The Canterbury Tales.
Translated by David Wright.
London: The Folio Society, 1998.
(This translation was first published in 1985 by Oxford University Press.)

This book is currently available as:

Geoffrey Chaucer.
The Canterbury Tales.
Translated by David Wright.
Introduction and Notes by Christopher Cannon.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.

Book Information: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.

Book Series: Oxford World's Classics.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Author Information:

• Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1343 – 1400), Wikipedia.
• The Canterbury Tales, composed between 1387 and 1400, Wikipedia.
• David Wright (1920 – 1994), Wikipedia.
• Christopher Cannon (b. 1965), Wikipedia.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

In Our Time:

• Melvyn Bragg, Carolyne Larrington, Helen Cooper, Ardis Butterfield, "Chaucer," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 09 February 2006.
  
  • Professor Carolyne Larrington, Faculty of English, University of Oxford.
  • Carolyne Larrington's Website, WordPress.
  • Carolyne Larrington (b. 1959), Wikipedia.
  • Prof Helen Cooper, Faculty of English, University of Cambridge.
  • Helen Cooper (b. 1947), Wikipedia.
  • Ardis Butterfield, English Department, Yale University.
  • Ardis Butterfield, Wikipedia.
• Melvyn Bragg, Miri Rubin, Kathryn Rudy, Anthony Bale, "Medieval Pilgrimage," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 18 February 2021.
  
  • Professor Miri Rubin, School of History, Queen Mary University of London.
  • Miri Rubin (b. 1956), Wikipedia.
  • Prof Kathryn M. Rudy FRSE, School of Art History, University of St Andrews.
  • Kathryn M. Rudy (b. 1969), Wikipedia.
  • Prof Anthony Bale, Department of English, Theatre and Creative Writing, Birkbeck, University of London.
  • Anthony Bale (b. 1975), Wikipedia.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Some readily available editions of the original (Middle English) Chaucer include:

• The Norton Chaucer.
• The Riverside Chaucer.
• The Canterbury Tales, Penguin Classics.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aldrich, Greater France: A History of French Overseas Expansion (1996)

Robert Aldrich.
Greater France: A History of French Overseas Expansion.
New York: St. Martin's Press (Palgrave Macmillan), 1996.

Book Information: Google Books; Amazon.com.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Author Information:

• Robert Aldrich (b. 1954), Wikipedia.
• Professor Robert Aldrich, Professor Emeritus, Department of History, The University of Sydney, Australia.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Wikipedia Articles:

• French colonial empire, 1534–1980.
  (After reading Aldrich's Greater France I feel obliged to warn the reader that this Wikipedia article treats many topics in a very abbreviated manner.)
• Overseas France, France d'outre-mer, l'Outre-mer, les DOM-TOM.

Miscellaneous Items:

• Copra, "dried coconut kernels from which coconut oil is expelled", noted by Aldrich as an export commodity from some French colonies.
• groundnut, Bambara groundnut, a legume from West Africa.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aldrich's Greater France is a very good introduction to the French overseas empire since 1830; however, it appears that it is currently out-of-print. Aldrich's Notes and Bibliography contain extensive references to the French literature so I am sure his book remains a useful guide for more serious students and readers of French. Some more recently published books (in English) on this topic include:

• Frederick Quinn. The French Overseas Empire. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger Publishers (Greenwood Publishing Group), 2000.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Todd Shepard. The Invention of Decolonization: The Algerian War and the Remaking of France. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 2006.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Pierre Brocheux and Daniel Hémery. Indochina: An Ambiguous Colonization, 1858-1954. Translated by Ly Lan Dill-Klein. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2009.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• David Todd. A Velvet Empire: French Informal Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2021.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Tombs, France 1814-1914 (1996)

Robert Tombs.
France 1814-1914.
Harlow, England: Longman (Pearson Education Limited), 1996.
London: Routledge (Taylor & Francis Group), 2014.

Book Information: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Author Information:

• Robert Tombs, Faculty of History, University of Cambridge.
• Robert Tombs (b. 1949), Wikipedia.
• Robert Tombs. The War Against Paris 1871. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• J.P.T. Bury and R.P. Tombs. Thiers 1797-1877: A Political Life. London: Allen & Unwin, 1986.
  [Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Robert Tombs. The Paris Commune 1871. 1999. London: Routledge, 2013.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Robert Tombs and Isabelle Tombs. That Sweet Enemy: Britain and France: The History of a Love-Hate Relationship. 2006. New York: Vintage Books, 2008.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Robert Tombs. The English and Their History. 2014. New York: Vintage Books, 2016.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Robert Tombs. This Sovereign Isle: Britain In and Out of Europe. London: Allen Lane, 2021.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Wikipedia Articles:

• France in the long nineteenth century.
  • French First Republic, 1792–1804.
  • First French Empire, 1804–1814/1815.
  • Bourbon Restoration in France, 1814/1815–1830.
  • July Monarchy, 1830–1848.
  • French Second Republic, 1848–1852.
  • Second French Empire, 1852–1870.
  • French Third Republic, 1870–1940.
~~~~~~~~~~
• Economic history of France: 1789–1914.
• History of rail transport in France.
• History of education in France: Growth 1815 to 1907.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

In Our Time Episodes on Nineteenth Century France:

• See my post for Gildea, Children of the Revolution: The French, 1799-1914 (2008).
  I found these episodes very insightful and complimentary to reading books, a little like attending university seminars. Also, Robert Tombs appears in the episode on the Dreyfus affair.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Tombs' book France 1814-1914 is the best book on French history that I have read so far. Gildea's Children of the Revolution: The French, 1799-1914 (2008) is a good descriptive, chronological, introductory, survey of Nineteenth Century France, perhaps necessary to prepare one for Tombs' book. But don't stop with Gildea's book. Your preparation with Gildea's book will be rewarded by Tombs' book.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Shakespeare, The Comedy of Errors (2008)

William Shakespeare.
The Comedy of Errors.
Edited by Charles Whitworth.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
(This edition first published in 2002.)

Book Information: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.

Book Series: The Oxford Shakespeare; Oxford World's Classics.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Wikipedia Articles:

Shakespeare:

• William Shakespeare (1564–1616).
• The Comedy of Errors, written sometime between 1589 and 1595, according to Wikipedia.
  In the Introduction Charles Whitworth argues that the play was written in 1594 and first performed in late December of that year.
  It "was not published until it appeared in the First Folio in 1623" (Wikipedia).
• Plautus (c. 254 – 184 BC), Menaechmi.
  Note: This Oxford World's Classics edition of The Comedy of Errors includes the text of Plautus' Menaechmi translated into English by William Warner (1558–1609) and first published in 1595.
• Plautus, Amphitryon.
• Apollonius of Tyre.
• Shakespearean comedy.

English Renaissance Drama:

• English Renaissance, 16th - 17th Centuries.
• English literature: English Renaissance (1500–1660).
• Elizabethan literature.
• English Renaissance theatre.

England during Shakespeare's Time:

• Elizabethan era, 1558–1603.
• Elizabethan government.
• Elizabeth I (1533–1603), Queen of England 1558–1603.
• Elizabeth I: Later years.
• Jacobean era, 1603–1625.
• James VI and I (1566–1625), King of England as James I, 1603–1625.
• Stuart period, 1603–1714.
• Early modern Britain, 16th – 18th Centuries.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Shakespeare, The Two Gentlemen of Verona (2008)

William Shakespeare.
The Two Gentlemen of Verona.
Edited by Roger Warren.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.

Book Information: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.

Book Series: The Oxford Shakespeare; Oxford World's Classics.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Wikipedia Articles:

Shakespeare:

• William Shakespeare (1564–1616).
• The Two Gentlemen of Verona, written between 1589 and 1593.
• Shakespearean comedy.

English Renaissance Drama:

• English Renaissance, 16th - 17th Centuries.
• English literature: English Renaissance (1500–1660).
• Elizabethan literature.
• English Renaissance theatre.

England during Shakespeare's Time:

• Elizabethan era, 1558–1603.
• Elizabethan government.
• Elizabeth I (1533–1603), Queen of England 1558–1603.
• Elizabeth I: Later years.
• Jacobean era, 1603–1625.
• James VI and I (1566–1625), King of England as James I, 1603–1625.
• Stuart period, 1603–1714.
• Early modern Britain, 16th – 18th Centuries.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Gildea, Children of the Revolution: The French, 1799-1914 (2008)

Robert Gildea.
Children of the Revolution: The French, 1799-1914.
London: Penguin Books, 2008.
Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2008.

Book Information: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.

The UK edition was published as a volume in the series "The New Penguin History of France".
UK edition: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.co.uk.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Author Information:

• Professor Robert Gildea, Faculty of History, University of Oxford.
• Professor Robert Gildea, Worcester College, University of Oxford.
• Robert Gildea (b. 1952), Wikipedia.
• Robert Gildea. France since 1945, Updated Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  My post for France since 1945 is here.
  See that post for other books by Gildea and videos.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Wikipedia Articles:

• France in the long nineteenth century.
  • French First Republic, 1792–1804.
  • First French Empire, 1804–1814/1815.
  • Bourbon Restoration in France, 1814/1815–1830.
  • July Monarchy, 1830–1848.
  • French Second Republic, 1848–1852.
  • Second French Empire, 1852–1870.
  • French Third Republic, 1870–1940.
~~~~~~~~~~
• Economic history of France: 1789–1914.
• History of rail transport in France.
• History of education in France: Growth 1815 to 1907.
~~~~~~~~~~
• 19th-century French literature.
• 19th-century French art.
  • List of French artists: Eighteenth century and early Nineteenth century.
  • Salon (Paris), Salon de Paris.
  • Academic art.
  • Academic art: France.
  • List of French artists: Nineteenth century (Romanticism to Impressionism).
  • List of French artists: Nineteenth century (Impressionism to Fauvism).
• Music of France.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

In Our Time Episodes Related to Nineteenth Century France:

• Note: Robert Gildea appears in several of these episodes.
• Melvyn Bragg, Stefan Collini, Anne Janowitz, Andrew Roberts, "The French Revolution's Legacy," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 14 June 2001.
  Wikipedia Articles, etc:
  
  • French Revolution: Long-term impact.
  • Influence of the French Revolution.
  • Edmund Burke: French Revolution: 1688 versus 1789.
  • French Revolution and the English Gothic Novel.
  • Romanticism and the French Revolution.
  • Stefan Collini, Faculty of English, University of Cambridge.
  • Stefan Collini, Wikipedia.
  • Anne F Janowitz, academia.edu.
  • Andrew Roberts, www.andrew-roberts.net.
  • Andrew Roberts, Wikipedia.
  • Andrew Roberts. Napoleon and Wellington. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2001. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2002. London: Phoenix Press / The Orion Publishing Group, 2003.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Melvyn Bragg, Colva Roney-Dougal, Timothy Gowers, Marcus du Sautoy, "Pierre-Simon Laplace," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 8 April 2021. (Includes a reading list.)
  
  • Pierre-Simon Laplace (1749–1827), Wikipedia.
• Melvyn Bragg, Andrew Roberts, Mike Broers, Belinda Beaton, "Napoleon and Wellington," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 25 October 2001.
  Wikipedia Articles, etc:
  
  • Napoleon (1769–1821).
  • Napoleonic Wars, 1803–1815.
  • Battle of Waterloo, 18 June 1815.
  • Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (1769–1852).
  • Andrew Roberts, www.andrew-roberts.net.
  • Andrew Roberts, Wikipedia.
  • Andrew Roberts. Napoleon and Wellington. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2001. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2002. London: Phoenix Press / The Orion Publishing Group, 2003.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Professor Michael Broers, Faculty of History, University of Oxford.
  • Michael Broers, Wikipedia.
  • Belinda Beaton, academia.edu.
• Melvyn Bragg, Catriona Seth, Alison Finch, Katherine Astbury, "Germaine de Stael," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 16 November 2017. (Includes a reading list.)
  
  • Germaine de Staël (1766–1817), Wikipedia.
  • Germaine de Staël. Delphine. 1802. Translated by Avriel H. Goldberger. DeKalb, Illinois: Northern Illinois University Press, 1995.
    [Publisher; Wikipedia; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Germaine de Staël. Corinne, or Italy. 1807. Translated by Sylvia Raphael. Oxford World's Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • On Germany, 1813, Wikipedia.
    An edition in English: Germany. With Notes and Appendices by O.M. Wright. In two volumes. New York: Hurd and Houghton, 1864.
    [Archive.org: vol 1 of 2; vol 2 of 2.]
  • Germaine de Staël. Considérations sur les principaux événements de la révolution française. 1818.
    Considerations on the Principal Events of the French Revolution. Translated by Aurelian Crăiuțu. Indianapolis, Indiana: Liberty Fund, 2008.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Germaine de Staël. Dix Années d'Exil. 1818. Ten Years of Exile. Translated by Avriel H. Goldberger. DeKalb, Illinois: Northern Illinois University Press, 1995.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Germaine de Staël. An Extraordinary Woman: Selected Writings of Germaine de Staël. Translated by Vivian Folkenflik. New York: Columbia University Press, 1987.
    Reprint title: Major Writings of Germaine de Staël, 1992.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Melvyn Bragg, Timothy Blanning, Tamar Garb, Simon Lee, "Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 20 October 2011.
  Wikipedia Articles, etc:
  
  • Eugène Delacroix (1798–1863).
  • Liberty Leading the People, 1830.
  • July Revolution, 1830.
  • T.C.W. Blanning.
  • Tamar Garb.
  • Simon Lee, University of Reading.
• Melvyn Bragg, Belinda Jack, Angela Ryan, Nigel Harkness, "George Sand," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 6 February 2020. (Includes a reading list.)
  
  • George Sand (1804–1876), Wikipedia.
  • George Sand. Indiana. 1832. Translated by Sylvia Raphael. Oxford World's Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
    [Publisher; Wikipedia; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Melvyn Bragg, Robert Gildea, Susan-Mary Grant, Jeremy Jennings, "Tocqueville: Democracy in America," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 22 March 2018. (Includes a reading list.)
  
  • Alexis de Tocqueville (1805–1859), Wikipedia.
• Melvyn Bragg, Tim Blanning, Lucy Riall, Mike Rapport, "1848: Year of Revolution," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 19 January 2012.
  Wikipedia Articles, etc:
  
  • July Monarchy, 1830–1848.
  • French Revolution of 1848.
  • Revolutions of 1848, Europe.
  • French Second Republic, 1848–1852.
  • T.C.W. Blanning.
  • Lucy Riall.
  • Michael Rapport, University of Glasgow.
  • Mike Rapport. 1848: Year of Revolution. London: Abacus (Little, Brown Book Group / Hachette Book Group), 2009. New York: Basic Books (Hachette Book Group), 2009.
    [Publisher UK; Publisher USA; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Melvyn Bragg, Robert Gildea, Andy Martin, Mary Orr, "Madame Bovary," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 12 July 2007.
  
  • Gustave Flaubert (1821 – 1880), Wikipedia.
  • Madame Bovary: Provincial Manners, 1856, Wikipedia.
  • 19th-century French literature, Wikipedia.
  • Gustave Flaubert. Madame Bovary: Provincial Manners. Translated by Margaret Mauldon. Oxford World's Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
    [Publisher; Wikipedia; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Andy Martin, Wikipedia.
  • Mary Orr, encyclopedia.com.
• Melvyn Bragg, Robert Gildea, Karine Varley, Julia Nicholls, "The Siege of Paris 1870-71," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 16 January 2020. (Includes a reading list.)
  Wikipedia Articles:
  
  • Napoleon III: Later years.
  • Franco-Prussian War, 1870–1871.
  • Causes of the Franco-Prussian War.
  • Siege of Paris (1870–1871), September 1870 – January 1871.
  • Paris Commune, March–May 1871.
  • French Third Republic, 1870–1940.
  • Unification of Germany.
• Misha Glenny, "Le Petit Napoleon and the Franco-Prussian War," The Invention of France, Episode 3 of 3, BBC Radio 4, 16 November 2015.
• Melvyn Bragg, Robert Gildea, Kathleen Burk, John Keane, "The Statue of Liberty," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 14 February 2008.
  Wikipedia Articles:
  
  • Statue of Liberty.
  • Édouard René de Laboulaye (1811–1883), jurist who proposed that France should give a monument to Liberty to the USA.
  • Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi (1834–1904), sculptor who designed the statue.
  • Gustave Eiffel (1832–1923), engineer who designed the metal framework of the statue.
  • Kathleen Burk.
  • John Keane.
  • John Keane, www.johnkeane.net.
• Melvyn Bragg, Robert Gildea, Ruth Harris, Robert Tombs, "The Dreyfus Affair," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 8 October 2009.
  Wikipedia Articles:
  
  • Panama scandals, 1892, controversialists used this to promote antisemitism.
  • French Third Republic: Dreyfus affair.
  • Dreyfus affair, 1894 – 1906.
  • Émile Zola (1840–1902), J'Accuse…!, 13 January 1898.
  • Dreyfus affair: Consequences of the Dreyfus Affair.
  • 1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State.
  • Ruth Harris.
  • Ruth Harris. Man on Devil's Island: Alfred Dreyfus and the Affair that Divided France. London: Allen Lane, 2010. London: Penguin Books, 2011.
    USA edition: Dreyfus: Politics, Emotion, and the Scandal of the Century. New York: Picador / Henry Holt and Company / Macmillan, 2010.
    [Publisher UK; Publisher USA; Google Books, UK title; Google Books, USA title; Amazon.com, UK title; Amazon.com, USA title.]
  • Robert Tombs.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Shakespeare, Richard II (2011)

William Shakespeare.
Richard II.
Edited by Anthony B. Dawson and Paul Yachnin.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.

Book Information: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.

Book Series: The Oxford Shakespeare; Oxford World's Classics.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Wikipedia Articles:

Shakespeare and Richard II:

• William Shakespeare (1564–1616).
• Richard II, probably written 1595, first printed 1597.
• Henriad, the four plays Richard II, Henry IV, Part I, Henry IV, Part II, Henry V;
  also called "second tetralogy" or "second Henriad".
• Shakespearean history.

England during Shakespeare's Time:

• Elizabethan era, 1558–1603.
• Elizabethan government.
• Elizabeth I (1533–1603), Queen of England 1558–1603.
• Elizabeth I: Later years.
• Jacobean era, 1603–1625.
• James VI and I (1566–1625), King of England as James I, 1603–1625.
• Stuart period, 1603–1714.
• Early modern Britain, 16th – 18th Centuries.

English Renaissance Drama:

• English Renaissance, Sixteenth Century.
• English literature: English Renaissance (1500–1660).
• Elizabethan literature.
• English Renaissance theatre.

Historical Events, 14th Century, Reign of Richard II:

• England in the Late Middle Ages, from the Thirteenth Century, the end of the Angevins and the accession of Henry III in 1216, until the accession to the throne of the Tudor dynasty in 1485.
• Peasants' Revolt, 1381.
• Wonderful Parliament, November 1386; imposed restrictions on the rule of Richard II.
• Lords Appellant, 1388.
• Merciless Parliament, February to June 1388; members of Richard II's court convicted of treason; many executed.
• The Tyranny of Richard II, 1397–1399.
• Parliament of Shrewsbury, 1398; declared acts of the Merciless Parliament null and void; made Richard II an absolute ruler.
• Downfall of Richard II, August 1399.

Historical People, 14th Century:

• Edward III of England (1312–1377), King of England 1327–1377.
• Philippa of Hainault (c.1310/1315–1369), wife of Edward III; Queen consort of England 1328–1369.
~~~~~~~~~~
• Edward the Black Prince (1330–1376), Edward of Woodstock, the Black Prince; eldest son of Edward III; father of Richard of Bordeaux (Richard II).
• Joan of Kent (1326/7–1385); wife of Edward the Black Prince; mother of Richard of Bordeaux (Richard II).
• Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence (1338–1368), second son of Edward III;
  the House of York descended from Lionel and his brother Edmund.
• John of Gaunt (1340–1399), Duke of Lancaster; third son of Edward III;
  the House of Lancaster descended from John of Gaunt.
  • Blanche of Lancaster (1342–1368), daughter of Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster; first wife of John of Gaunt;
    mother of Henry Bolingbroke (Henry IV of England).
  • Constance of Castile, Duchess of Lancaster (1354–1394), daughter of Peter of Castile (also known by the lurid name Peter the Cruel); second wife of John of Gaunt.
  • Katherine Swynford (c.1350–1403), third wife of John of Gaunt;
    the House of Beaufort descended from John of Gaunt's children with Katherine Swynford.
• Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York (1341–1402), fourth son of Edward III;
  the House of York descended from Edmund and his brother Lionel.
• Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester (1355–1397), fifth son of Edward III.
  As the leader of the Lords Appellant (1388) he gained the enmity of Richard II.
  Arrested in 1397 and murdered, probably on Richard II's orders.
~~~~~~~~~~
• Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland (1341–1408), father of Henry Percy (Hotspur) (1364–1403).
• Henry Percy (Hotspur) (1364–1403).
~~~~~~~~~~
• Richard II of England (1367–1400), Richard of Bordeaux, son of Edward the Black Prince and Joan of Kent; King of England 1377–1399; deposed in 1399.
  • Anne of Bohemia (1366–1394), first wife of Richard II.
  • Isabella of Valois (1389–1409), second wife of Richard II.
• Henry Bolingbroke (1367–1413), son of John of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster. One of the Lords Appellant (1388). Exiled by Richard II in 1398. King of England as Henry IV 1399–1413.
• Mary de Bohun (c.1369/70–1394), first wife of Henry Bolingbroke;
  mother of Henry of Monmouth (Prince Hal, Henry V) and five other children.
~~~~~~~~~~
• Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk (1366–1399); one of the Lords Appellant; banished for life by Richard II in 1398 following Thomas's quarrel with Henry Bolingbroke.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Some Historical Background Reading:

• John Julius Norwich. Shakespeare's Kings: The Great Plays and the History of England in the Middle Ages: 1337–1485. New York: Touchstone (Simon & Schuster), 2001.
  [Publisher; Wikipedia; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• George Holmes. The Later Middle Ages, 1272-1485. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1966.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  My post for Holmes, The Later Middle Ages, 1272-1485 is here.
• M.H. Keen. England in the Later Middle Ages: A Political History, Second Edition. London: Routledge, 2003.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Nigel Saul. Richard II. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1997.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  My post for Saul, Richard II is here.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Other: Audio

• Melvyn Bragg, Emma Smith, Gordon McMullan, Katherine Lewis, "Is Shakespeare History? The Plantagenets," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 11 Oct 2018.
• Melvyn Bragg, Katherine Duncan-Jones, John Sutherland, Grace Ioppolo, "Shakespeare's Life," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 15 March 2001.
  
  • Katherine Duncan-Jones, Wikipedia.
  • Katherine Duncan-Jones. Shakespeare: An Ungentle Life. The Arden Shakespeare. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2010.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • John Sutherland, Wikipedia.
  • Grace Ioppolo, University of Reading.
• Melvyn Bragg, Frank Kermode, Michael Bogdanov, Germaine Greer, "Shakespeare's Work," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 11 May 2000.
  • Frank Kermode, Wikipedia.
  • Frank Kermode. Shakespeare's Language. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2001.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Michael Bogdanov, Wikipedia.
  • Germaine Greer, Wikipedia.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~