McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (1988), Part 4

Note: Due to the large number of notes I collected for this fascinating period of U.S. history, I divided this blog post into several parts:

• Part 1: The Book and Professor McPherson
• Part 2: Lecture Courses and C-SPAN Lectures in History
• Part 3: More Video
  (For example: lectures on U.S. history during the Civil War era; author talks and interviews for other books related to this period; television documentaries.)
• Part 4: Encyclopedia Articles and Period Publications
  (By "Period Publications" I mean books and pamphlets published during the Civil War era, and also some published before and after that period. A historian might call some of these items Primary Sources.)

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Encyclopedia Articles and Period Publications:

~~~~~ Economic History ~~~~~

• Economic history of the United States: The early 19th century.
• Economic history of the United States: The mid 19th century.
• American business history: Early national.
• American business history: Big business: the impact of the railroads.
• Technological and industrial history of the United States.
• Panic of 1837.
• Panic of 1857.
• Economy of the Confederate States of America.
• Second Industrial Revolution, late 19th century - early 20th century.
• Roger L. Ransom, "The Economics of the Civil War," EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples, 24 August 2001.
  [Citation: Ransom, Roger. “Economics of the Civil War”. EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. August 24, 2001. URL http://eh.net/encyclopedia/the-economics-of-the-civil-war/]
• Roger Ransom, "Causes, Costs and Consequences: The Economics of the American Civil War," Essential Civil War Curriculum website, Virginia Tech.
  

~~~~~ Banking ~~~~~

• History of banking in the United States: New Nation.
• History of central banking in the United States.

~~~~~ Agriculture ~~~~~

• History of agriculture in the United States: New nation: 1776–1860.
• Cotton Belt.
• Plantation era.
• Plantations in the American South.
• Plantation economy.
• King Cotton.

~~~~~ Manufacturing ~~~~~

• Industrial Revolution.
• David R. Meyer, "The Roots of American Industrialization, 1790-1860," EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. March 16, 2008.
  This essay is based on the book: David R. Meyer. The Roots of American Industrialization. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• William H. Phillips, "The Cotton Gin," EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. February 10, 2004.
  (One might think to include this article under "Agriculture." It does include statistics on U.S. cotton production, 1790-1860. But the article is mainly about the industry of cotton gin machinery, patents, and other practices related to ginning cotton.)
• Textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution.
• Samuel Slater (1768–1835), in 1790 entered a partnership with Moses Brown (1738–1836) to build and operate a cotton spinning mill in Rhode Island.
• Technological and industrial history of the United States: Factories and mills.
• The Boston Associates, a significant group of financiers and industrialists.
• Boston Manufacturing Company, organized in 1813.
• Amoskeag Manufacturing Company of Manchester, New Hampshire incorporated in 1831, but had its origins in activities around Manchester during a period from 1807 through the 1820s.

~~~~~ Transportation ~~~~~

• Transportation in the United States: History.
• Technological and industrial history of the United States: Turnpikes and Canals.
• Albert Gallatin (1761–1849). Report of the Secretary of the Treasury, on the Subject of Public Roads and Canals. Washington: R.C. Weightman, 1808.
  [Archive.org.]
• Daniel B. Klein and John Majewski, "Turnpikes and Toll Roads in Nineteenth-Century America," EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. February 10, 2008.
• History of rail transport in the United States.
• John Majewski, "American Railroads and the Transformation of the Ante-bellum Economy," EH.net.
  This is a book review of: Albert Fishlow. American Railroads and the Transformation of the Ante-bellum Economy. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1965.
  [Amazon.com.]
• Matthias W. Baldwin (1795–1866).
  Baldwin Locomotive Works: History: 19th century.

~~~~~ Communications ~~~~~

• United States Postal Service: History.
• Tomas Nonnenmacher, History of the U.S. Telegraph Industry," EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. August 14, 2001.
• Electrical telegraph.
  Baltimore-Washington telegraph line.
  Samuel F. B. Morse (1791–1872).
  Alfred Vail (1807–1859).
  Speedwell Ironworks.
• Western Union: History.
  Ezra Cornell (1807–1874).

~~~~~ Mining, Coal, Iron, Steel, Petroleum ~~~~~

• Sean Patrick Adams, "The US Coal Industry in the Nineteenth Century," EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. January 23, 2003.
• Mining in the United States.
• History of coal mining in the United States.
• History of the iron and steel industry in the United States.
• Bessemer process, patented by Henry Bessemer (1813–1898) in 1856.
• History of the petroleum industry in the United States.
• Pennsylvania oil rush, 1859 – early 1870s.

~~~~~ Other Businessmen ~~~~~

• Cornelius Vanderbilt (1794–1877).
• Cyrus McCormick (1809–1884).
• P. T. Barnum (1810–1891).
• Jay Cooke (1821–1905).

~~~~~ Books on Economic History and Technology ~~~~~

• William R. Plum. The Military Telegraph during the Civil War in the United States, with an Exposition of Ancient and Modern Means of Communication, and of the Federal and Confederate Cipher Systems. Chicago: Jansen, McLurg & Company, 1882.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
• John Christopher Schwab. The Confederate States of America, 1861-1865: A Financial and Industrial History of the South During the Civil War. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1901.
  [Archive.org, Library of Congress; Google Books.]
• Ellis Paxson Oberholtzer. Jay Cooke: Financier of the Civil War. Philadelphia: George W. Jacobs & Co, 1907.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
• Emerson David Fite. Social and Industrial Conditions in the North During the Civil War. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1910.
  [Google Books.]
• George Rogers Taylor (1895-1983). The Transportation Revolution, 1815-1860. Rinehart and Company, 1951; Holt, Reinhart and Winston, 1964; Harper Torchbooks, 1968; M. E. Sharpe, 1976; Routledge, 1977.
  [Publisher, Routledge; Google Books, Routledge; Amazon.com, 1951; Amazon.com, 1964; Google Books, 1968; Amazon.com, 1976; Amazon.com, 1977.]
• George Edgar Turner. Victory Rode the Rails: The Strategic Place of the Railroads in the Civil War. Indianapolis, Indiana: Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1953. Lincoln, Nebraska: Bison Books / University of Nebraska Press, 1992.
  [Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Bray Hammond (1886–1968). Banks and Politics in America from the Revolution to the Civil War. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1957.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Robert P. Sharkey. Money, Class and Party: An Economic Study of Civil War and Reconstruction. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1959; 1967.
  [Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Douglass C. North (1920-2015). The Economic Growth of the United States: 1790-1860. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1961.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Ralph L. Andreano, editor. The Economic Impact of the American Civil War. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Schenkman Publishing Company, 1962. Second Edition, 1967.
  [Google Books; Amazon.com, 1967.]
• Charles B. Dew. Ironmaker to the Confederacy: Joseph R. Anderson and the Tredegar Iron Works. Yale University Press, 1966. Second Edition, Virginia State Library, 1999.
  [Google Books, 1966; Amazon.com, 1966; Amazon.com, 1999.]
• Harold D. Woodman. King Cotton and His Retainers: Financing and Marketing the Cotton Crop of the South, 1800-1925. Lexington, Kentucky: University of Kentucky Press, 1968. Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press, 1990. Washington D.C.: Beard Books, 2000.
  [Amazon.com, 1968; Amazon.com, 1990; Publisher, 2000; Google Books, 2000; Amazon.com, 2000.]
• Bray Hammond (1886–1968). Sovereignty and an Empty Purse: Banks and Politics in the Civil War. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1970.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Robert William Fogel (1926–2013) and Stanley L. Engerman (b. 1936). Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Slavery. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1974. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1989.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Wikipedia; Amazon.com.]
• Gavin Wright (b. 1943). The Political Economy of the Cotton South: Households, Markets, and Wealth in the Nineteenth Century. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1978.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• James L. Huston. The Panic of 1857 and the Coming of the Civil War. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1987.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Eugene D. Genovese (1930–2012). The Political Economy of Slavery: Studies in the Economy and Society of the Slave South, Second Edition. Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press, 1988.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Robert William Fogel (1926–2013). Without Consent or Contract: The Rise and Fall of American Slavery. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1989.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Roger L. Ransom. Conflict and Compromise: The Political Economy of Slavery, Emancipation and the American Civil War. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Richard R. John (b.1959). Spreading the News: The American Postal System from Franklin to Morse. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1995; 1998.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Stanley L. Engerman (b. 1936) and Robert E. Gallman, editors. The Cambridge Economic History of the United States, Volume II: The Long Nineteenth Century. Cambridge University Press, 2000.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• John Lauritz Larson. Internal Improvement: National Public Works and the Promise of Popular Government in the Early United States. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• James L. Huston. Calculating the Value of the Union: Slavery, Property Rights, and the Economic Origins of the Civil War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• John Majewski. Modernizing a Slave Economy: The Economic Vision of the Confederate Nation. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• William G. Thomas III. The Iron Way: Railroads, the Civil War, and the Making of Modern America. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Thomas F. Army Jr. Engineering Victory: How Technology Won the Civil War. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2016.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ Historical Surveys ~~~~~

• History of the United States (1789–1849).
• History of the United States (1849–65).
• History of the United States (1865–1918).
• Secession in the United States.
• American Civil War, 1861 - 1865.
• Reconstruction Era, 1865 - 1877.
• Timeline of United States history (1820–59).
• Timeline of United States history (1860–99).
• Territorial evolution of the United States.
• United States territorial acquisitions.
• Oregon Trail.
• History of the Southern United States: Antebellum era (1783–1861).
• History of the Southern United States: Civil War (1861–1865).
• History of the Southern United States: Reconstruction (1863–1877).
• History of the Southern United States: Origins of the New South (1877–1913).
• History of education in the United States.
• Second Great Awakening, 1790s-1850s.
• American Indian Wars.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ Politics ~~~~~

• First Party System, Jeffersonian Republicans (Democratic-Republican Party) versus Federalists, 1790s-1820s.
• Jeffersonian democracy.
• Democratic-Republican Party, 1790s-1820s.
• Federalist Party, 1790s-1820s.
• Second Party System, Jacksonian Democratic Party versus National Republican Party / Whig Party, 1820s-1850s.
• Jacksonian democracy (the Jacksonian Democratic Party).
• History of the United States Democratic Party.
• Anti-Masonic Party, 1820s-1830s.
• National Republican Party, 1820s-1830s.
• Whig Party, 1830s-1850s.
• Free Soil Party, founded 1848.
• Know Nothing Party, later called the American Party, 1840s-1850s.
• History of the United States Republican Party, founded 1854.
• Ethnocultural politics in the United States.
• Third Party System, 1850s-1890s, Republican Party versus Democratic Party.
• Copperhead Democrats.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ Slavery ~~~~~

• Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom.
• "The Blockade of Africa, began in 1808 after Britain outlawed the Atlantic slave trade, making it illegal for British ships to transport slaves."
• Slavery in the United States.
• Slavery in the United States: 1790 to 1850.
• Slavery in the United States: 1850s.
• Slavery in the United States: Civil War and emancipation.
• Slavery in the United States: Reconstruction to present.
• Interregional slave trade.
• Proslavery.
• Slave Power or Slaveocracy.
• King Cotton.
• Jenny Bourne, "Slavery in the United States," EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. March 26, 2008.
• Abolitionism in the United States.
• Underground Railroad.
• Origins of the American Civil War.
• Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War.
• Ethan S. Rafuse, "John C. Calhoun: He Started the Civil War," HistoryNet.com, 12 June 2006.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ 1780s ~~~~~

• 1780s.
• Northwest Ordinance, 1787.
• Land Ordinance of 1784.
• Land Ordinance of 1785.
• Northwest Territory.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ 1790s ~~~~~

• 1790s.
• "Act Against Slavery, an act in Upper Canada that ended slavery there in 1793."
• Caleb Bingham (1757–1817). The Columbian Orator: Containing a Variety of Original and Selected Pieces Together With Rules, Which Are Calculated to Improve Youth and Others, in the Ornamental and Using Art of Eloquence. 1797.
  [Wikipedia; Google Books, 1799; Archive.org, 1807; Archive.org, 1811; Archive.org, 1817, Pittsburg; Archive.org, 1817, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, 1832.]
  Reprinted: Caleb Bingham. The Columbian Orator, Bicentennial Edition. David W. Blight, editor. New York: New York University Press, 1998.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, 1798 and 1799.
• James Madison (1751-1836), Report of 1800.
  Available in: James Madison, "Report on the Alien and Sedition Acts," Writings. Jack N. Rakove, editor. New York: Library of America, 1999. Pages 608-662.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  This report will attract the interest of Southerners during the 1830s Nullification Crisis.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ 1800s ~~~~~

• 1800s.
• Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves, 1807.
  The Constitution of 1787 contains provisions protecting the importation of slaves until 1808.
  (Article One, Section 9: Limits on Congress; Article Five.)

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ 1810s ~~~~~

• 1810s.
• Tench Coxe (1755–1824). A Statement of the Arts and Manufactures of the United States of America, for the Year 1810. Philadelphia: A. Cornman, Junr., 1814.
  [Archive.org.]
• Timothy Pitkin (1766-1849). A Statistical View of the Commerce of the United States of America. Hartford: Charles Hosmer, 1816. Second Edition, with Additions and Corrections. New York: James Eastburn & Co., 1817.
  [Archive.org, 1816; Archive.org, 1817.]
• Jesse Torrey. A Portraiture of Domestic Slavery, in the United States. Philadelphia: Published by the Author, 1817. Second edition, Ballston Spa: Published by the Author, 1818.
  [Archive.org, 1817, James Birney Collection of Anti-Slavery Pamphlets; Archive.org, 1817, Boston Public Library Anti-Slavery Collection; Archive.org, 1818, University of Pittsburgh.]
• John Bristed (1778-1855). America and Her Resources; or, A view of the agricultural, commercial, manufacturing, financial, political, literary, moral, and religious capacity and character of the American people. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
  [Archive.org, London edition.]
  John Bristed. The Resources of the United States of America; or, A view of the agricultural, commercial, manufacturing, financial, political, literary, moral and religious capacity and character of the American people. New York: James Eastburn & Co., 1818.
  [Archive.org, New York edition.]
• Henry Bradshaw Fearon. Sketches of America: a narrative of a journey of five thousand miles through the eastern and western states of America. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1818.
  [Archive.org.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ 1820s ~~~~~

• 1820s.
• Missouri Compromise, 1820.
• United States presidential election, 1820, Monroe unopposed.
• Jedidiah Morse (1761–1826) and Elijah Parish (1762–1825). A Compendious History of New-England, Third Edition. Charlestown: S. Etheridge, 1820.
  [Archive.org.]
• John Taylor (1753–1824). Construction Construed, and Constitutions Vindicated. Richmond: Shepherd and Pollard, 1820.
  [Google Books, Harvard; Google Books, Stanford; Google Books, California.]
~~~~~ 1821 ~~~~~
• Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire, 28 September 1821.
• Frances Wright (1795–1852). Views of Society and Manners in America. New York: E. Bliss and E. White, 1821. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1821.
  [Archive.org, New York 1821; Archive.org, New York 1821, another copy; Archive.org, New York 1821, another copy; Archive.org, London 1822.]
~~~~~ 1822 ~~~~~
• Denmark Vesey (c.1767-1822), leader of a slave revolt in Charleston, South Carolina, hanged 02 July 1822.
• Jedidiah Morse (1761–1826). A Report to the Secretary of War of the United States, on Indian Affairs. New Haven: Howe & Spalding, 1822.
  [Archive.org, University of Pittsburgh; Archive.org, Library of Congress, lacks frontispiece.]
• Jesse Torrey. American Slave Trade. London: Reprinted by C. Clement and published by J. M. Cobbett, 1822.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1823 ~~~~~
• Monroe Doctrine, 1823.
~~~~~ 1824 ~~~~~
• Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824.
• Joel Roberts Poinsett (1779–1851). Notes on Mexico, Made in the Autumn of 1822. Philadelphia: H.C. Carey and I. Lea, 1824.
  [Archive.org.]
• United States presidential election, 1824, Adams versus Jackson versus Clay versus Crawford versus Calhoun.
• "John Quincy Adams: Campaigns and Elections," Margaret A. Hogan, editor, John Quincy Adams, U.S. Presidents, Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia.
~~~~~ 1825 ~~~~~
• John Quincy Adams, "Inaugural Address," 04 March 1825.
  [John Quincy Adams: "Inaugural Address," March 4, 1825. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=25809.]
• John Quincy Adams: Presidency (1825–1829).
• John Quincy Adams, "First Annual Message," 06 December 1825.
  [Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=29467.]
~~~~~ 1826 ~~~~~
• William Cullen Bryant (1794–1878), Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882), and Grenville Mellen, editors. Miscellaneous Poems Selected from the United States Literary Gazette. Boston: Cummings, Hilliard and Company, and Harrison Gray, 1826.
  [Archive.org.]
• James Kent (1763–1847). Commentaries on American Law. New York: O. Halsted, 1826-1830. Second Edition, 1832. Third Edition, 1836. Fourth Edition, 1840. Fifth Edition, 1844. Sixth Edition, 1848.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 6e, vol 1; Archive.org, 6e, vol 2; Archive.org, 4e, vol 2; Archive.org, 4e, vol 3; Archive.org, 4e, vol 4.]
~~~~~ 1827 ~~~~~
• Lyman Beecher (1775–1863). Six Sermons on the Nature, Occasions, Signs, Evils, and Remedy of Intemperance. Boston: T. R. Marvin, 1827; Sixth edition, 1828; Ninth edition, 1829.
  [Archive.org, 1827; Archive.org, 1828; Archive.org, 1829.]
• Michael Faraday (1791–1867). Chemical Manipulation; being Instructions to Students in Chemistry. London: W. Phillips, 1827. Second Edition, London: John Murray, 1830. Philadelphia: Carey and Lea, 1831. Third Edition, London: John Murray, 1842.
  [Archive.org, 1827, Wellcome Library; Archive.org, 1830, California; Archive.org, 1831, Toronto; Archive.org, 1831, California; Google Books, 1842, British Library; Google Books, 1842, Stanford.]
• "Brutus" [Robert James Turnbull (1775-1833)]. The Crisis: or, Essays on the Usurpations of the Federal Government. Charleston: A. E. Miller, 1827.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1828 ~~~~~
• Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, construction begun 1828.
• Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, construction begun 1828.
• Tariff of 1828, also called the Tariff of Abominations, enacted 19 May 1828.
• United States presidential election, 1828, Jackson versus Adams.
• John C. Calhoun (1782–1850), "South Carolina Exposition and Protest," December 1828.
  In: The Works of John C. Calhoun. Volume 6. Reports and Public Letters. Richard K. Cralle, editor. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1855. Pages 1-59.
  [Wikipedia; Wikisource; Archive.org.]
• Timothy Pitkin (1766-1849). A Political and Civil History of the United States of America, from the year 1763 to the close of the administration of President Washington, in March, 1797. New Haven: Hezekiah Howe and Durrie & Peck, 1828.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
~~~~~ 1829 ~~~~~
• Georgia Gold Rush, started 1829.
• Presidency of Andrew Jackson, 1829-1837.
• "Andrew Jackson," Edited by Daniel Feller, U.S. Presidents, Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia.
• Andrew Jackson, "First Annual Message," 08 December 1829.
  [Andrew Jackson: "First Annual Message," December 8, 1829. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=29471.]
• Jeremiah Evarts (1781–1831). Essays on the Present Crisis in the Condition of the American Indians: First Published in the National Intelligencer, Under the Signature of William Penn. Boston: Perkins and Marvin, 1829. Philadelphia: Thomas Kite, 1830.
  [Archive.org, 1829, Queen's University Library; Archive.org, 1829, Library of Congress; Archive.org, 1830, Library of Congress.]
• Samuel Kettell (1800-1855). Specimens of American Poetry, with Critical and Biographical Notices. Boston: S.G. Goodrich and Co., 1829.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 3; Archive.org, vol 2 of 3; Archive.org, vol 3 of 3.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ 1830s ~~~~~

• 1830s.
• Speeches on the Passage of the Bill for the Removal of the Indians, Delivered in the Congress of the United States, April and May, 1830. Edited by Jeremiah Evarts (1781–1831). Boston: Perkins and Marvin, 1830.
  [Archive.org.]
• Webster–Hayne debate, January 1830.
  Daniel Webster (1782-1852). Speech of Daniel Webster, on the Subject of the Public Lands, &c. Delivered in the Senate of the United States, January 20, 1830. Washington: Gales & Seaton, 1830.
  [Archive.org.]
  Daniel Webster. Speech of Daniel Webster, in Reply to Mr. Hayne, of South Carolina: the Resolution Offered by Mr. Foot, of Connecticut, Relative to the Public Lands, being under consideration. Delivered in the Senate, January 26, 1830. Washington: Gales & Seaton, 1830.
  This is the famous "Second Reply to Hayne" with its stirring final paragraphs: "Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable!"
  [Archive.org.]
  Also in: American Speeches: Political Oratory from the Revolution to the Civil War. Ted Widmer, editor. New York: Library of America, 2006.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Maysville Road veto, 27 May 1830.
  Andrew Jackson, "[Maysville Road] Veto Message," 27 May 1830.
  [Andrew Jackson: "Veto Message," May 27, 1830. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=67036.]
• Indian Removal Act, 28 May 1830.
  Indian removal policy.
• Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. (1809–1894). "Old Ironsides," September 1830.
• Joseph Smith (1805–1844). The Book of Mormon. Palmyra, New York: E.B. Grandin, 1830.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
• John Tanner (c. 1780 – c. 1846). A Narrative of the Captivity and Adventures of John Tanner. New York: G. & C. & H. Carvill, 1830.
  [Archive.org.]
  Reprinted: John Tanner. The Falcon. Penguin Classics, 2003.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• David Walker (1796–1830). Walker's Appeal, in four articles; together with a preamble, to the coloured citizens of the world, but in particular, and very expressly, to those of the United States of America, written in Boston, State of Massachusetts, September 28, 1829. Third edition. Boston: David Walker, 1830.
  [Archive.org, James Birney Collection of Anti-Slavery Pamphlets; Archive.org, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.]
~~~~~ 1831 ~~~~~
• The Liberator, a weekly abolitionist newspaper, first published January 1, 1831, edited by William Lloyd Garrison (1805–1879).
  [The Liberator: all issues online at Fair Use Repository.]
• Nat Turner's slave rebellion, Southampton County, Virginia, August 1831.
• Thomas R. Gray (1800-?). The Confessions of Nat Turner. Baltimore: Thomas R. Gray, 1831.
  [Archive.org.]
• Albert Gallatin (1761–1849). Considerations on the Currency and Banking System of the United States. Philadelphia: Carey & Lea, 1831.
  [Archive.org.]
  Also in: The Writings of Albert Gallatin, Volume 3. Henry Adams, editor. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1879. Pages 231-364.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1832 ~~~~~
• Worcester v. Georgia, 1832.
• Black Hawk War, April-August, 1832.
• Andrew Jackson, "Veto Message" [of the Re-authorization of the Bank of the United States], 10 July 1832.
  [Andrew Jackson: "Veto Message [Of The Re-authorization of Bank of the United States]," July 10, 1832. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=67043.]
• Bank War.
• Tariff of 1832.
• Nullification Crisis, 1832-1837.
  Principles of '98.
• United States presidential election, 1832, Jackson versus Clay versus Floyd versus Wirt.
• Andrew Jackson, "Proclamation 43 — Regarding the Nullifying Laws of South Carolina," 10 December 1832.
  [Andrew Jackson: "Proclamation 43—Regarding the Nullifying Laws of South Carolina," December 10, 1832. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=67078.]
  Wikipedia article about this Proclamation.
• Reform Act 1832, United Kingdom.
• William Cullen Bryant (1794–1878). Poems. 1832.
  [Archive.org, Third edition, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1836.]
• Thomas R. Dew (1802–1846). Review of the Debate in the Virginia Legislature of 1831 and 1832. Richmond: T. W. White, 1832.
  [Archive.org].
• Matthew St. Clair Clarke and David A. Hall. Legislative and Documentary History of the Bank of the United States: Including the Original Bank of North America. Washington: Gales and Seaton, 1832.
  [Archive.org; Google Books.]
• Jonathan Elliot (1784–1846), editor. The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions of 1798 and '99; with Jefferson's Original Draught thereof. Also, Madison's Report, Calhoun's Address, Resolutions of the Several States in Relation to State Rights. With other documents in support of the Jeffersonian Doctrines of '98. Washington: Jonathan Elliot, 1832.
  [Archive.org.]
• William Lloyd Garrison (1805–1879). Thoughts on African Colonization. Boston: Garrison and Knapp, 1832.
  [Archive.org.]
• Frances Trollope (1779–1863). Domestic Manners of the Americans. London: Whittaker, Treacher, and Co., 1832.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
~~~~~ 1833 ~~~~~
• Tariff of 1833, also called the Compromise Tariff of 1833.
• Slavery Abolition Act 1833, United Kingdom.
• Gustave de Beaumont (1802-1866) and Alexis de Tocqueville (1805–1859). On the Penitentiary System in the United States, and Its Application in France: with an Appendix on Penal Colonies, and also Statistical Notes. Translated from the French, with an Introduction, Notes and Additions by Francis Lieber (1798 or 1800 - 1872). Philadelphia: Carey, Lea & Blanchard, 1833.
  [Archive.org.]
• Black Hawk (1767-1838). Life of Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiak (or, Life of Black Hawk). 1833. Later edition: J.B. Patterson, editor. St. Louis: Continental Printing Co., 1882.
  [Archive.org, 1882; Archive.org, 1882, another copy.]
  Reprinted: Black Hawk. Life of Black Hawk, or Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiak: Dictated by Himself. Edited, with an Introduction and Notes, by J. Gerald Kennedy. New York: Penguin Classics, 2008.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Lydia Maria Child (1802-1880). An Appeal in Favor of that Class of Americans Called Africans. Boston: Allen and Ticknor, 1833.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Wellesley College Library; Archive.org, Library of Congress.]
• Richard Henry Dana Sr. (1787–1879). Poems and Prose Writings. Boston: Russell, Odiorne, and Co., 1833. Philadelphia: Marshall, Clark, and Co., 1833.
  [Archive.org, Boston; Archive.org, Philadelphia.]
• Theodore Dwight (1764-1846). History of the Hartford Convention: with a Review of the Policy of the United States Government, which Led to the War of 1812. New York: N. & J. White; and Boston: Russell, Odiorne, & Co., 1833.
  [Archive.org, New York Public Library; Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, California; Archive.org, Toronto.]
• William M. Gouge (1796-1863). A Short History of Paper-Money and Banking in the United States. Philadelphia: T. W. Ustick, 1833.
  [Archive.org.]
• Maynard Davis Richardson (1812-1832). The Remains of Maynard Davis Richardson: with a Memoir of His Life. Charleston, S.C: O. A. Roorback, 1833.
  [Archive.org.]
• Joseph Story (1779–1845). Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Company, 1833.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, vol 1 of 3; Archive.org, vol 2 of 3; Archive.org, vol 3 of 3.]
• The Secretary of the Treasury. Documents Relative to the Manufactures in the United States, collected and transmitted to the House of Representatives, in compliance with a resolution of Jan. 19, 1832. In Two Volumes. Washington: Duff Green, 1833.
  [Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
~~~~~ 1834 ~~~~~
• George Bancroft (1800-1891). History of the United States. Boston: various publishers, 1834-1870s. History of the United States of America: From the Discovery of the Continent [to 1789]. The Author's Last Revision. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1880s.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 6; Archive.org, vol 2 of 6; Archive.org, vol 3 of 6; Archive.org, vol 4 of 6; Archive.org, vol 5 of 6; Archive.org, vol 6 of 6.]
~~~~~
• Anti-abolitionist riots, New York City, July 1834.
• Ursuline Convent riots, Charlestown, Massachusetts, August 1834.
• Baltimore bank riot, August 1835.
• Snow Riot, Washington, D.C., August 1835.
• Cincinnati riots of 1836.
• Contrary to what one might infer from the above Wikipedia articles that focus on isolated, localized riots, as Howe discusses on pages 430-439, American society experienced a notably widespread increase of rioting and other mass violence during the middle years of the 1830s. Howe's footnotes cite several books that discuss this phenomena. No single conflict explains the upsurge in violence: whites attacked free blacks; supporters of slavery attacked abolitionists; Protestants attacked Catholics; natives attacked immigrants; Irish immigrants from one county attacked Irish immigrants from another county. Very likely these racial, ethnic, tribal, religious conflicts were underlain by economic anxieties. Why did the incidence of mass violence increase during this period? Why did it subsequently decline? This was an era of upheavals: easier and expanding transportation allowed population movements; cheaper printing allowed more widespread publication of news and propaganda; religious revivals encouraged emotional partisanships; widening political participation encouraged emotional partisanships; etc.
  For more riots see: List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States: 19th century.
  
  Some references:
  • David Grimsted. American Mobbing, 1828-1861: Toward Civil War. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. Paperback edition, 2003.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Ray Allen Billington. The Protestant Crusade 1800-1860: A Study of the Origins of American Nativism. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1938. New York: Rinehart & Company, 1952. Peter Smith, 1963. Quadrangle Books, 1964.
    [Google Books, 1938; Google Books, 1952; Amazon.com, 1938; Amazon.com, 1964.]
  • Michael Feldberg. The Turbulent Era: Riot and Disorder in Jacksonian America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1980.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~ 1835 ~~~~~
• John Marshall (1755-1835), Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1801 to 1835, died July 6, 1835.
• Roger B. Taney (1777-1864), appointed by Andrew Jackson and confirmed March 1836 as Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, a position he held from 1836 to 1864. (During Jackson's presidency the number of justices on the Supreme Court was increased from seven to nine (1837) and by the end of his term Jackson had appointed six justices.)
• Second Seminole War, December 1835 – August 1842.
• Texas Revolution, October 1835 – April 1836.
• "A Yankee" [Joseph Holt Ingraham (1809–1860).] The South-West. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1835.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
• "A Native Georgian" [Augustus Baldwin Longstreet (1790–1870)]. Georgia Scenes, Characters, Incidents, &c: In the First Half-Century of the Republic. Augusta: The S.R. Sentinel Office, 1835. Second Edition, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1850.
  [Archive.org; Archive.org.]
• Timothy Pitkin (1766-1849). A Statistical View of the Commerce of the United States of America. New Haven: Durrie & Peck, 1835.
  [Archive.org; Archive.org, another copy.]
• Alexis de Tocqueville (1805–1859). Democracy in America. 1835; 1840.
  [Wikipedia.]
  Democracy in America. Translated by Henry Reeve. London: Saunders and Otley, 1835; 1840. New York: J & H. G. Langley.
  [Archive.org, Princeton Theological Seminary Library, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, Princeton Theological Seminary Library, vol 2 of 2; Archive.org, New York Public Library, 1841, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, New York Public Library, 1841, vol 2 of 2; Archive.org, New York Public Library, 1843, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, New York Public Library, 1843, vol 2 of 2.]
  Democracy in America. Translated by Harvey C. Mansfield and Delba Winthrop. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2000.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  Democracy in America and Two Essays on America. Translated by Gerald Bevan. London: Penguin Classics, 2003.
  [Publisher; Amazon.com.]
  Democracy in America. Translated by Arthur Goldhammer. New York: Library of America, 2004.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~ 1836 ~~~~~
• Republic of Texas, established 02 March 1836.
• Battle of San Jacinto, 21 April 1836.
• Specie Circular, effective 15 August 1836.
• United States presidential election, 1836, Van Buren versus Harrison versus White versus Webster versus Mangum.
• Andrew Jackson, "Eighth Annual Message," 05 December 1836.
  [Andrew Jackson: "Eighth Annual Message," December 5, 1836. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=29478.]
• Angelina Emily Grimké (1805–1879). Appeal to the Christian Women of the South. New York: American Anti-Slavery Society, 1836. Also: The Anti-Slavery Examiner, Vol. 1, No. 2, September 1836. Also: Edinburgh: William Oliphant Jun. & Co., 1837.
  [Archive.org, American Anti-Slavery Society; Archive.org, The Anti-Slavery Examiner; Archive.org, Edinburgh.]
  Reprinted: Sarah Grimke and Angelina Grimke. On Slavery and Abolitionism: Essays and Letters. Introduction by Mark Perry. New York: Penguin Classics, 2015.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Sarah Moore Grimké (1792–1873). An Epistle to the Clergy of the Southern States. New York, 1836.
  [Archive.org.]
  Reprinted: Sarah Grimke and Angelina Grimke. On Slavery and Abolitionism: Essays and Letters. Introduction by Mark Perry. New York: Penguin Classics, 2015.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• "A Citizen of the United States" [Benjamin Lundy (1789-1839)]. The War in Texas. Philadelphia: Merrihew and Gunn, 1836.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1837 ~~~~~
• John C. Calhoun (1782–1850). Remarks of Mr. Calhoun, of South Carolina, on the Reception of Abolition Petitions, Delivered in the Senate of the United States, February 1837. Washington: William W. Moore & Co., 1837.
  Better know today as: Slavery a Positive Good.
  [Wikisource.org; Archive.org; Archive.org, another copy.]
  Also in: Speeches of John C. Calhoun. Delivered in the Congress of the United States from 1811 to the Present Time. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1843.
  (XIV. "Speech on the Reception of Abolition Petitions, February, 1837," pages 222-226.)
  [Archive.org; Archive.org, another copy.]
  Also in: American Speeches: Political Oratory from the Revolution to the Civil War. Ted Widmer, editor. New York: Library of America, 2006.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge, 1837.
• Andrew Jackson, "Farewell Address," 04 March 1837.
  [Andrew Jackson: "Farewell Address," March 4, 1837. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=67087.]
  Jackson's Farewell Address was written by Chief Justice Roger Taney.
• Presidency of Martin Van Buren, March 1837 – March 1841.
• "Martin Van Buren," Edited by Joel Silbey, U.S. Presidents, Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia.
• Martin Van Buren (1782–1862). The Autobiography of Martin Van Buren. Edited by John C. Fitzpatrick. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1920.
  [Archive.org.]
• Panic of 1837.
  "The years 1837 to 1844 were, generally speaking, years of deflation in wages and prices."
  The Panic of 1837 initiated an economic depression that lasted through the early 1840s. It had widespread effects, including stimulating westward migration and the defeat of Van Buren in the 1840 presidential election.
• Lydia Maria Child (1802-1880), Angelina Emily Grimké (1805–1879), Grace Douglass (1782–1842). An Appeal to the Women of the Nominally Free States. New York: William S. Dorr, 1837. Second Edition, Boston: Isaac Knapp, 1838.
  [Archive.org, 1837; Archive.org, 1838, Library of Congress; Archive.org, 1838, James Birney Collection of Anti-Slavery Pamphlets.]
  Reprinted: Sarah Grimke and Angelina Grimke. On Slavery and Abolitionism: Essays and Letters. Introduction by Mark Perry. New York: Penguin Classics, 2015.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882), "The American Scholar," 31 August 1837.
  (In Emerson's collections of 1849 and 1856 noted below.)
• Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804–1864). Twice-Told Tales. Boston: American Stationers Co., 1837.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Boston Public Library; Archive.org, California.]
• Harriet Martineau (1802–1876). Society in America. London: Saunders and Otley, 1837 (in three volumes). New York: Saunders and Otley, 1837 (in two volumes).
  [Archive.org, New York, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, New York, vol 2 of 2.]
• Telegraphs for the United States: Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury Transmitting a Report upon the subject of a System of Telegraphs for the United States. Washington, D.C.: Thomas Allen, 1837.
  [Archive.org.]
• Theodore Dwight Weld (1803–1895). The Bible Against Slavery: An Inquiry into the Patriarchal and Mosaic Systems on the Subject of Human Rights. New York: The American Anti-Slavery Society, 1837.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1838 ~~~~~
• Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882), "Divinity School Address," 15 July 1838.
  (In Emerson's collections of 1849 and 1856 noted below.)
• United States Exploring Expedition (also know as the Wilkes Expedition), 1838-1842.
• William J. Duane (1780–1865). Narrative and Correspondence Concerning the Removal of the Deposites, and Occurrences Connected Therewith. Philadelphia, 1838.
  [Archive.org; Google Books.]
• Sarah Moore Grimké (1792–1873). Letters on the Equality of the Sexes, and the Condition of Woman. Boston: Isaac Knapp, 1838.
  [Archive.org.]
  Reprinted: Sarah Grimke and Angelina Grimke. On Slavery and Abolitionism: Essays and Letters. Introduction by Mark Perry. New York: Penguin Classics, 2015.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• William Harper (1790-1847). Memoir on Slavery. Charleston: James S. Burges, 1838.
  [Archive.org.]
• Harriet Martineau (1802–1876). Retrospect of Western Travel. London: Saunders and Otley, 1838 (in three volumes). New York: Harper & Brothers, 1838 (in two volumes).
  [Archive.org, London, vol 1 of 3; Archive.org, London, vol 2 of 3; Archive.org, London, vol 3 of 3; Archive.org, New York, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, New York, vol 2 of 2.]
• Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849). The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1838. London: Wiley and Putnam, 1838.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, New York; Archive.org, London.]
  Also in: Edgar Allan Poe. Poetry and Tales. Edited by Patrick F. Quinn. New York: Library of America, 1984.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~ 1839 ~~~~~
• Michel Chevalier (1806-1879). Society, Manners and Politics in the United States; being a series of letters on North America. Boston: Weeks, Jordan and Company, 1839.
  [Archive.org; Archive.org, another copy.]
• Charles Darwin (1809–1882). The Voyage of the Beagle.
  First edition published as: Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle, Volume III: Journal and Remarks. 1832–1836. London: Henry Colburn, 1839.
  Second edition published as: Journal of Researches into the Geology and Natural History of the Various Countries Visited by H.M.S. Beagle Round the World. London: John Murray, 1845.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1839; Archive.org, 1845.]
• H. A. S. Dearborn (1783-1851). Letters on the Internal Improvements and Commerce of the West. Boston: Henry F. Lewis, 1839.
  [Archive.org.]
• Michael Faraday (1791–1867). Experimental Researches in Electricity. Volume 1, London: Richard and John Edward Taylor, 1839. Volume 2, London: Richard and John Edward Taylor, 1844. Volume 3, London: Richard Taylor and William Francis, 1855.
  [Google Books, vol 1, 1839; Google Books, vol 2, 1844; Google Books, vol 3, 1855.]
• Jared Sparks (1789–1866). The Life of George Washington. Boston: Ferdinand Andrews, 1839. London: Henry Colburn, 1839.
  (First published in volume one of The Writings of George Washington, Twelve Volumes, Boston: American Stationers' Company, John B. Russell, 1834-1837.)
  [Archive.org, 1837, California; Archive.org, 1837, New York Public Library; Archive.org, 1839, Boston; Archive.org, 1839, London, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, 1839, London, vol 2 of 2.]
• Theodore Dwight Weld (1803–1895). American Slavery As It Is: Testimony of a Thousand Witnesses. New York: The American Anti-Slavery Society, 1839.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
• La Amistad slave revolt, July 1839.
  United States v. The Amistad, 1841.
  John Quincy Adams (1767–1848). Argument of John Quincy Adams, before the Supreme Court of the United States: in the case of the United States, appellants, vs. Cinque, and others, Africans, captured in the schooner Amistad. New York: S. W. Benedict, 1841.
  [Archive.org, John Adams Library at the Boston Public Library.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ 1840s ~~~~~

• 1840s.
• World Anti-Slavery Convention, London, June 1840.
• United States presidential election, 1840, Harrison versus Van Buren.
• Abigail Adams (1744–1818). Letters of Mrs. Adams, the Wife of John Adams. Boston: Charles C. Little and James Brown, 1840. Second edition, in two volumes. Boston: Charles C. Little and James Brown, 1840. Fourth edition, Revised and Enlarged, Boston: Wilkins, Carter, and Company, 1848.
  [Archive.org; Archive.org, Second edition, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, Second edition, vol 2 of 2; Archive.org, Fourth edition.]
• Albert Brisbane (1809–1890). Social Destiny of Man: or, Association and Reorganization of Industry. C.F. Stollmeyer, 1840.
  [Archive.org.]
• William Cullen Bryant (1794–1878), editor. Selections from the American Poets. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1840.
  [Archive.org.]
• Richard Henry Dana Jr. (1815–1882). Two Years Before the Mast: A Personal Narrative of Life at Sea. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1840.
  [Wikipedia; Google Books.]
  Also in: Two Years Before the Mast and Other Voyages. Edited by Thomas Philbrick. New York: Library of America, 2005.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~ 1841 ~~~~~
• William Henry Harrison: Presidency (1841), March - April 1841.
• William Henry Harrison, "Inaugural Address," 04 March 1841.
  [William Henry Harrison: "Inaugural Address," March 4, 1841. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=25813.]
• Presidency of John Tyler, April 1841 - March 1845.
• Thomas Carlyle (1795–1881). On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and The Heroic in History. London: James Fraser, 1841. Cincinnati: U. P. James, 1842.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, London; Archive.org, Cincinnati.]
• George Catlin (1796–1872).
  Letters and Notes on the Manners, Customs, and Condition of the North American Indians. New York: Wiley and Putnam, 1841.
  Illustrations of the Manners, Customs, and Condition of the North American Indians: in a series of Letters and Notes Written during Eight Years of Travel and Adventure among the Wildest and Most Remarkable Tribes Now Existing, Sixth Edition. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1848.
  Illustrations of the Manners, Customs, and Condition of the North American Indians: in a series of Letters and Notes Written during Eight Years of Travel and Adventure among the Wildest and Most Remarkable Tribes Now Existing, Ninth Edition. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1857.
  Illustrations of the Manners, Customs & Condition of the North American Indians. With Letters and Notes Written during Eight Years of Travel and Adventure among the Wildest and Most Remarkable Tribes Now Existing. London: Chatto & Windus, 1876.
  [Archive.org, 1841, vol 2 of 2; Archive.org, 1848, vol 2 of 2;
  Archive.org, 1857, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, 1857, vol 2 of 2;
  Archive.org, 1876, vol 1 of 2, with Colored Engravings;
  Archive.org, 1876, vol 2 of 2, with Colored Engravings.]
  Reprinted: George Catlin. Manners, Customs, and Conditions of the North American Indians. Two Volumes. Dover Publications, 1973.
  [Amazon.com, vol 1 of 2; Amazon.com, vol 2 of 2.]
  Reprinted: George Catlin. North American Indians. Introduction by Peter Matthiessen. Penguin Classics, 2004.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882). Essays. Boston: James Munroe and Company, 1841. London: James Fraser, 1841. (The London edition has a Preface by Thomas Carlyle.)
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Boston; Archive.org, London.]
• Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849), "The Murders in the Rue Morgue," Graham's Magazine (Graham's Lady's and Gentleman's Magazine), Volume 18, Number 4, April 1841, Pages 166-179.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
  Also in: Tales (1845) noted below.
  Also in: Edgar Allan Poe. Poetry and Tales. Edited by Patrick F. Quinn. New York: Library of America, 1984.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Dorr Rebellion, Rhode Island, 1841-1842.
~~~~~ 1842 ~~~~~
• Tariff of 1842, also called the Black Tariff.
• Charles Dickens (1812-1870). American Notes for General Circulation. London: Chapman and Hall, 1842.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
• Rufus Wilmot Griswold (1815–1857). The Poets and Poetry of America. Philadelphia: Carey and Hart, 1842.
  [Wikipedia; Google Books; Archive.org.]
• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882). Poems on Slavery. Cambridge: John Owen, 1842.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Boston Public Library; Archive.org, Middlebury College; Archive.org, Library of Congress.]
• Joseph Tracy (1793–1874). The Great Awakening: A History of the Revival of Religion in the Time of Edwards and Whitefield. Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1842.
  [Archive.org, Princeton Theological Seminary Library; Archive.org, Princeton Theological Seminary Library, another copy.]
~~~~~ 1843 ~~~~~
• Lydia Maria Child (1802-1880). Letters from New-York. New York: Charles S. Francis and Company, 1843.
  [Archive.org.]
• D. L. Dix (1802-1887). Memorial. To the Legislature of Massachusetts [protesting against the confinement of insane persons and idiots in almshouses and prisons]. Boston: Munroe & Francis, 1843.
  [Archive.org.]
• Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800–1859). Critical and Historical Essays. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1843.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, vol 1 of 3; Archive.org, vol 2 of 3; Archive.org, vol 3 of 3.]
• William H. Prescott (1796–1859). History of the Conquest of Mexico. 1843. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1844. Eighth edition, New York: Harper and Brothers, 1847.
  [Archive.org, 1844, vol 1 of 3; Archive.org, 1844, vol 2 of 3; Archive.org, 1844, vol 3 of 3; Archive.org, 1847, vol 1 of 3; Archive.org, 1847, vol 2 of 3; Archive.org, 1847, vol 3 of 3.]
  William H. Prescott. History of the Conquest of Mexico. New York: Modern Library / Random House, 2001.
  [2001, Publisher; 2001, Google Books; 2001, Amazon.com.]
• "The steam-powered rotary printing press is invented by Richard March Hoe (1812–1886) in the United States in 1843."
~~~~~ 1844 ~~~~~
• Morse demonstrates the electric telegraph, May 1844.
• United States presidential election, 1844, Polk versus Clay.
• Robert Baird (1798-1863). Religion in America. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1844.
  [Archive.org, New York Public Library; Archive.org, New York Public Library, another copy; Archive.org, Princeton Theological Seminary Library; Archive.org, Princeton Theological Seminary Library, another copy.]
• Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882). Essays: Second Series. Boston: James Munroe and Company, 1844.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1845.]
• John Pendleton Kennedy (1795-1870). Defence of the Whigs. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1844.
  [Archive.org.]
• James Russell Lowell (1819–1891). Poems. London: C. E. Mudie, 1844.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1845 ~~~~~
• Presidency of James K. Polk, March 1845 - March 1849.
• James K. Polk, "Inaugural Address," 04 March 1845.
  [James K. Polk: "Inaugural Address," March 4, 1845. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=25814.]
• Manifest destiny, term coined in 1845 by John L. O'Sullivan (1813–1895).
• James K. Polk, "First Annual Message," 02 December 1845.
  [James K. Polk: "First Annual Message," December 2, 1845. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=29486.]
• Texas annexation, December 1845.
• George Caleb Bingham (1811–1879), Fur Traders Descending the Missouri, c. 1845.
• Lydia Maria Child (1802-1880). Letters from New York, Second Series. New York: Charles S. Francis and Company, 1845.
  [Archive.org, with adverts; Archive.org.]
• D. L. Dix (1802-1887). Remarks on Prisons and Prison Discipline in the United States. Boston: Munroe & Francis, 1845.
  [Archive.org.]
• Frederick Douglass (1818–1895). Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave. Boston: The Anti-Slavery Office, 1845.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
  Also in: Frederick Douglass. Autobiographies. Edited by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York: Library of America, 1994.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  Also in: Slave Narratives. Edited by William L. Andrews and Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York: Library of America, 2000.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Friedrich Engels (1820–1895). The Condition of the Working Class in England. Leipzig, 1845. Translated by Florence Kelley Wischnewetzky. New York: John W. Lovell Company, 1887. London: Penguin Books, 2005.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1887; Publisher, 2005; Amazon.com, 2005.]
• Margaret Fuller (1810–1850). Woman in the Nineteenth Century. New York: Greeley & McElrath, 1845. Boston: John P. Jewett & Company, 1855.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1845; Archive.org, 1855.]
• Richard Fuller (1804-1876) and Francis Wayland (1796–1865). Domestic Slavery Considered as a Scriptural Institution. New York: Lewis Colby, 1845.
  [Archive.org, Wellesley College Library; Archive.org, Library of Congress.]
• James Henry Hammond (1807–1864). Gov. Hammond's Letters on Southern Slavery: Addressed to Thomas Clarkson, the English Abolitionist. Charleston: Walker & Burke, 1845. Columbia: Allen, McCarter, & Co., 1845.
  [Archive.org, Charleston, James Birney Collection of Anti-Slavery Pamphlets; Archive.org, Charleston, Library of Congress; Archive.org, Columbia, Library of Congress.]
  Also in: Selections from the Letters and Speeches of the Hon. James H. Hammond, of South Carolina. New York: J. F. Trow & Co., 1866. Pages 114-198.
  [Archive.org.]
• Charles Lyell (1797–1875). Travels in North America; with Geological Observations on the United States, Canada, and Nova Scotia. London: John Murray, 1845. New York: Wiley & Putnam, 1845. (USA title: Travels in North America, in the years 1841-2; with Geological Observations on the United States, Canada, and Nova Scotia.)
  [Archive.org, London, set 1, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, London, set 1, vol 2 of 2;
  Archive.org, London, set 2, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, London, set 2, vol 2 of 2;
  Archive.org, New York, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, New York, vol 2 of 2.]
• Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849). Tales. New York: Wiley and Putnam, 1845.
  [Archive.org.]
• Lysander Spooner (1808-1887). The Unconstitutionality of Slavery. Boston: Bela Marsh, 1845. The Unconstitutionality of Slavery: Including Parts First and Second. Boston: Bela Marsh, 1847.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1845; Archive.org, 1847.]
• Young America movement, 1840s-1850s.
  (Democratic Party ideology promoted by O'Sullivan's Democratic Review.)
~~~~~ 1846 ~~~~~
• Mexican–American War, April 1846 – February 1848.
• Oregon Treaty, 1846.
  Oregon Country, 1818-1846, jointly occupied by the United Kingdom and the United States.
  Oregon Territory, 1848-1859, a United States territory.
• James K. Polk, "Second Annual Message," 08 December 1846.
  [James K. Polk: "Second Annual Message," December 8, 1846. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=29487.]
• Wilmot Proviso, 1846.
  Although never enacted, the Wilmot Proviso raised the issue of the status slavery in territories and whether new states constructed from territories could permit or forbid slavery.
• Walker tariff, 1846.
• Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804–1864). Mosses from an Old Manse. London: Wiley & Putnam, 1846.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1846, Part 1; Archive.org, 1846, Part 2.]
• Herman Melville (1819–1891). Typee: A Peep at Polynesian Life. New York: Wiley and Putnam, 1846.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1846; Archive.org, 1847 revised editon.]
• Samuel Augustus Mitchell (1790-1868). A General View of the United States. Philadelphia: S. Augustus Mitchell, 1846.
  [Archive.org.]
• Smithsonian Institution, finally founded in 1846 after much delay by politicians.
  Joseph Henry (1797–1878), the first Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
  American Association for the Advancement of Science, created in 1848.
~~~~~ 1847 ~~~~~
• James K. Polk, "Third Annual Message," 07 December 1847.
  [James K. Polk: "Third Annual Message," December 7, 1847. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=29488.]
• William Wells Brown (1814–1884). Narrative of William W. Brown, a Fugitive Slave. Boston: The Anti-Slavery Office, 1847.
  [Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, James Birney Collection of Anti-Slavery Pamphlets.]
  Also in: William Wells Brown. Clotel & Other Writings. Edited by Ezra Greenspan. New York: Library of America, 2014.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  Also in: Slave Narratives. Edited by William L. Andrews and Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York: Library of America, 2000.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Albert Gallatin (1761–1849). Peace with Mexico. New York: Bartlett & Welford, 1847.
  [Archive.org]
  Also in: The Writings of Albert Gallatin, Volume 3. Henry Adams, editor. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1879. Pages 555-591.
  [Archive.org]
• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882). Evangeline, A Tale of Acadie. 1847.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 6e, 1848.]
• Herman Melville (1819–1891). Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1847.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
• William H. Prescott (1796–1859). History of the Conquest of Peru. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1847.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2, Princeton Theological Seminary; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2, Princeton Theological Seminary.]
~~~~~ 1848 ~~~~~
• Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, February 1848.
  Mexican Cession.
  Gadsden Purchase, 1853.
• Revolutions of 1848, Europe.
• California Gold Rush, 1848–1855.
  Robert Whaples, "California Gold Rush," EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. March 16, 2008.
• Free Soil Party, 1848-1854.
• Seneca Falls Convention, July 1848.
• United States presidential election, 1848, Taylor versus Cass versus Van Buren.
• James K. Polk, "Fourth Annual Message," 05 December 1848.
  [James K. Polk: "Fourth Annual Message," December 5, 1848. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=29489.]
• Albert Gallatin (1761–1849). Expenses of the War. Washington: J.T. Towers, 1848.
  [Archive.org.]
• Johnson J. Hooper (1815–1862). Simon Suggs' Adventures and Travels. [Also titled: Adventures of Captain Simon Suggs, Late of the Tallapoosa Volunteers.] Philadelphia: T. B. Peterson, 1848.
  [Archive.org, 1848 (this volume also contains The Widow Rugby's Husband).]
• James Russell Lowell (1819–1891). The Biglow Papers. 1848. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1859.
  [Archive.org, Boston, 1859.]
• Karl Marx (1818–1883) and Friedrich Engels (1820–1895). The Communist Manifesto. February 1848.
  [Wikipedia.]
  Reprinted: Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. The Communist Manifesto. Translated by Samuel Moore. With an Introduction and Notes by Gareth Stedman Jones. London: Penguin Classics, 2002.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• E. G. Squier (1821–1888) and E. H. Davis (1811–1888). Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge. New York: Bartlett & Welford; Cincinnati: J. A. & U. P. James, 1848.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
  Reprinted: E. G. Squier and E. H. Davis. Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley. Edited by David J. Meltzer. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books, 1998.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~ 1849 ~~~~~
• Zachary Taylor: Presidency (1849–1850), March 1849 - July 1850.
• Zachary Taylor, "Inaugural Address," 05 March 1849.
  [Zachary Taylor: "Inaugural Address," March 5, 1849. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=25815.]
• Thomas Prentice Kettell (1811-1878), "Railroad to the Pacific," Democratic Review, September 1849.
  [Archive.org.]
• Zachary Taylor, "Annual Message," 04 December 1849.
  [Zachary Taylor: "Annual Message," December 4, 1849. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=29490.]
• R. W. Emerson. Nature; Addresses, and Lectures. Boston and Cambridge: J. Munroe and Company, 1849.
  [Archive.org.]
  Contains "The American Scholar" and the "Divinity School Address."
• James Russell Lowell (1819–1891). Poems. In Two Volumes. Boston: Ticknor, Reed and Fields, 1849.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
• Charles Lyell (1797–1875). A Second Visit to the United States of North America. London: John Murray, 1849. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1849.
  [Archive.org, London, 1850, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, London, 1850, vol 2 of 2.]
• Herman Melville (1819–1891). Mardi: and a Voyage Thither. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1849.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Pittsburg, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, Pittsburg, vol 2 of 2; Archive.org, California, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, California, vol 2 of 2.]
• Herman Melville (1819–1891). Redburn: His First Voyage. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1849.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
• Francis Parkman (1823-1893). The California and Oregon Trail: Being Sketches of Prairie and Rocky Mountain Life. New York: George P. Putnam, 1849.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
  Also in: Francis Parkman. The Oregon Trail, The Conspiracy of Pontiac. Edited by William R. Taylor. New York: Library of America, 1991.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862). "Resistance to Civil Government" in Aesthetic Papers edited by Elizabeth Palmer Peabody. Boston, 1849.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
• Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862). A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers. Boston and Cambridge: James Munroe and Company, 1849.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
• Asa Whitney (1797-1874). A Project for a Railroad to the Pacific. New York: George W. Wood, 1849.
  [Archive.org.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ 1850s ~~~~~

• 1850s.
• Presidency of Millard Fillmore, July 1850 - March 1853.
• Compromise of 1850.
• Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.
  Personal liberty laws.
• Richard Henry Dana Sr. (1787–1879). Poems and Prose Writings. New York: Baker and Scribner, 1850.
  [Google Books, vol 1 of 2; Google Books, vol 2 of 2; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
• Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882). Representative Men: Seven Lectures. Boston: Phillips, Sampson and Company, 1850.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Princeton Theological Seminary.]
• Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804–1864). The Scarlet Letter, A Romance. Boston: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, 1850.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1850, Duke University; Archive.org, 1850, with Second Edition preface, California; Archive.org, 1853, Brigham Young University.]
• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882). Poems. Boston: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, 1850.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
• Herman Melville (1819–1891). White-Jacket; or, The World in a Man-of-War. 1850.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1892.]
~~~~~ 1851 ~~~~~
• The Great Exhibition, London, May - October 1851.
• Emanuel Leutze (1816–1868). Washington Crossing the Delaware, 1851.
• Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804–1864). The House of the Seven Gables, A Romance. Boston: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, 1851.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Oxford University; Archive.org, Oxford University, another copy.]
• Johnson J. Hooper (1815–1862). The Widow Rugby's Husband, A Night at the Ugly Man's, and Other Tales of Alabama. Philadelphia: A. Hart, 1851.
  [Archive.org; Google Books.]
• Herman Melville (1819–1891). Moby-Dick; or, The Whale. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1851.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1852 ~~~~~
• United States presidential election, 1852, Pierce versus Scott.
• William M. Gouge (1796-1863). The Fiscal History of Texas. Embracing an Account of Its Revenues, Debts, and Currency, from the Commencement of the Revolution in 1834 to 1851-52. With Remarks on American Debts. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Grambo, and Co., 1852.
  [Archive.org.]
• Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804–1864). The Snow-Image, and Other Twice-Told Tales. Boston: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, 1852.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, California.]
• Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804–1864). The Blithedale Romance. Boston: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, 1852.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, California; Archive.org, Brigham Young University.]
• Herman Melville (1819–1891). Pierre; or, The Ambiguities. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1852.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
• Frederick Law Olmsted (1822–1903). Walks and Talks of an American Farmer in England. New York: George P. Putnam, 1852.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
• Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811–1896). Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life among the Lowly. Boston: John P. Jewett & Company, 1852.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
  Also in: Harriet Beecher Stowe. Three Novels. Edited by Kathryn Sklar. New York: Library of America, 1982.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• The Pro-Slavery Argument: As Maintained by the Most Distinguished Writers of the Southern States. Charleston: Walker, Richards & Co., 1852. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Grambo & Co., 1853.
  [Archive.org, Charleston; Archive.org, Philadelphia.]
  An anthology of previously published books and essays by: William Harper; James Henry Hammond; William Gilmore Simms; and Thomas Roderick Dew.
~~~~~ 1853 ~~~~~
• Presidency of Franklin Pierce, March 1853 - March 1857.
• Crimean War, October 1853 to February 1856.
• Arthur de Gobineau (1816–1882). Essai sur l'inégalité des races humaines. Paris: 1853-1855. The Moral and Intellectual Diversity of Races, with Particular Reference to their Respective Influence in the Civil and Political History of Mankind. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1856. London: William Heinemann, 1915.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1856; Archive.org, 1915.]
• Solomon Northup (1807 or 1808 – 1863?). Twelve Years a Slave. New York and Auburn: Miller, Orton & Mulligan, 1853. London: Sampson Low, Son & Co., 1853.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Archive.org, James Birney Collection of Anti-Slavery Pamphlets; Archive.org, University of Toronto.]
• Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811–1896). A Key to Uncle Tom’s Cabin; presenting the original facts and documents upon which the story is founded. Together with corroborative statements verifying the truth of the work. Boston: John P. Jewett & Co., 1853. London: Thomas Bosworth, 1853.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection, another copy; Archive.org, Wellesley College; Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, Boston Public Library; Archive.org, University of Pittsburgh, London edition, in single column format.]
• Autographs for Freedom. Edited by Julia Griffiths for the Rochester Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society. Boston: John P. Jewett and Company, 1853. London: Sampson Low, Son & Co. and John Cassell, 1853. Auburn: Alden, Beardsley & Co.; Rochester: Wanzer, Beardsley & Co., 1854.
  [Archive.org, 1853, Boston; Archive.org, 1853, London; Archive.org, 1854.]
  This book includes the short story "The Heroic Slave" by Frederick Douglass (Wikipedia).
~~~~~ 1854 ~~~~~
• Sioux Wars, 1854 - 1891.
• O'Reilly v. Morse, The Telegraph Patent Case, 1854.
• Kansas–Nebraska Act, 1854.
• Ostend Manifesto, 1854.
• Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). Peoria speech. 16 October 1854.
  [Wikipedia.]
  In: Lincoln: Speeches and Writings 1832-1858. Don E. Fehrenbacher, editor. New York: Library of America, 1989. "Speech on the Kansas-Nebraska Act at Peoria, Illinois," pages 307-348.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Bleeding Kansas, 1854-1861.
• Knights of the Golden Circle, founded 1854.
• Thomas Hart Benton (1782-1858). Thirty Years' View; or, A History of the Working of the American Government for Thirty Years, from 1820 to 1850. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1854, 1856.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
• Fanny Fern (1811–1872). Ruth Hall: A Domestic Tale of the Present Time. New York: Mason Brothers, 1854.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1855.]
• George Fitzhugh (1806–1881). Sociology for the South: or, The Failure of Free Society. Richmond, Va.: A. Morris, 1854.
  [Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, Library of Congress.]
• Theodor Mommsen (1817–1903). History of Rome. 1854–1856.
  [Wikipedia.]
• Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862). Walden; or, Life in the Woods. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1854.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1855 ~~~~~
• David Brewster (1781–1868). Memoirs of the Life, Writings and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton. Edinburgh: Thomas Constable and Co., 1855. Second Edition, Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas, 1860.
  [Archive.org, 1855, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, 1855, vol 2 of 2; Archive.org, 1860, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, 1860, vol 2 of 2.]
• David Christy. Cotton is King: or the Culture of Cotton, and Its Relation to Agriculture, Manufactures and Commerce; to the Free Colored People; and to Those Who Hold that Slavery is in Itself Sinful. Cincinnati: Moore, Wilstach, Keys, & Co., 1855. Second Edition, New York: Derby & Jackson, 1856.
  [Archive.org, 1855; Archive.org, 1856.]
• Frederick Douglass (1818–1895). My Bondage and My Freedom. New York and Auburn: Miller, Orton & Mulligan, 1855.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, James Birney Collection of Anti-Slavery Pamphlets; Archive.org, University of Pittsburgh; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, University of Toronto; Archive.org, Brigham Young University.]
  Also in: Frederick Douglass. Autobiographies. Edited by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York: Library of America, 1994.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882). The Song of Hiawatha. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1855.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
• Herman Melville (1819–1891). Israel Potter: His Fifty Years of Exile. New York: G. P. Putnam & Co., 1855. London: G. Routledge & Co., 1855.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, New York edition, Oxford; Archive.org, New York edition, Harvard; Archive.org, London edition, California.]
• Walt Whitman (1819–1892). Leaves of Grass. 1855. Boston: Thayer and Eldridge, 1860. Washington, D.C.: J.S. Redfield, 1871; 1872. Philadelphia: Rees Welsh & Co., 1882.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1860; Archive.org, 1871; Archive.org, 1872; Archive.org, 1882.]
~~~~~ 1856 ~~~~~
• Charles Sumner (1811-1874). The Crime Against Kansas. The Apologies for the Crime. The True Remedy. Speech of Hon. Charles Sumner, in the Senate of the United States, 19th and 20th of May, 1856. Boston: J.P. Jewett & Company, 1856. Washington, D.C.: Buell & Blanchard, 1856.
  [Archive.org, Boston; Archive.org, Washington, D.C..]
  Also in: American Speeches: Political Oratory from the Revolution to the Civil War. Ted Widmer, editor. New York: Library of America, 2006.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Caning of Charles Sumner, 22 May 1856.
• United States presidential election, 1856, Buchanan versus Frémont versus Fillmore.
• Albert Taylor Bledsoe (1809-1877). An Essay on Liberty and Slavery. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1856.
  [Archive.org.]
  "... The institution of slavery, as it exists among us at the South, is founded in political justice, is in accordance with the will of God and the designs of his providence, and is conducive to the highest, purest, best interests of mankind." (page 8)
• R. W. Emerson (1803–1882). Miscellanies: Embracing Nature, Addresses, and Lectures. Boston: Phillips, Sampson, and Company, 1856.
  [Archive.org.]
  Contains "The American Scholar" and the "Divinity School Address."
• R. W. Emerson (1803–1882). English Traits. Boston: Phillips, Sampson, and Company, 1856.
  [Archive.org.]
• Herman Melville (1819–1891). The Piazza Tales. New York: Dix & Edwards, 1856.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
• Frederick Law Olmsted (1822–1903). A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States, with Remarks on Their Economy. New York: Dix & Edwards, 1856. London: Sampson Low, Son, & Co., 1856.
  [Archive.org, New York, Wellesley College; Archive.org, New York, Library of Congress; Archive.org, London, University of North Carolina.]
• Alexis de Tocqueville (1805–1859). L'Ancien Régime et la Révolution. Paris: Michel Lévy frères, 1856. The Old Regime and the Revolution. Translated by John Bonner. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1856.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Paris; Archive.org, New York.]
• Bessemer process, patented by Henry Bessemer (1813–1898) in 1856, which is superseded by the development of the Open hearth furnace in the 1860s.
  (This means that in the future steel will be made at much lower cost in much larger batches, which means that steel will replace softer iron in applications like rails for railroads, ship hulls, boilers for steam engines, and many other innovations previously unimagined due to the previous high cost of steel. Steel boilers means steam engines can be designed to operate more reliably at higher pressures and temperatures. These innovations will lower the cost and increase the speed and reliability of transportation by rail, river, and ocean during the later decades of the Nineteenth Century, to mention just one consequence.)
  See History of the steel industry (1850–1970).
~~~~~ 1857 ~~~~~
• Presidency of James Buchanan, March 1857 - March 1861.
• Dred Scott v. Sandford, March 1857.
• Panic of 1857.
• Calvin Colton. The Life, Correspondence, and Speeches of Henry Clay (in six volumes). New York: A. S. Barnes & Co., 1857.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 6, Life and Times; Archive.org, vol 2 of 6, Life and Times; Archive.org, vol 3 of 6, Life and Times; Archive.org, vol 4 of 6, Private Correspondence; Archive.org, vol 5 of 6, Speeches; Archive.org, vol 6 of 6, Speeches.]
• George Fitzhugh (1806–1881). Cannibals All! or, Slaves without Masters. Richmond, Va.: A. Morris, 1857.
  [Archive.org, James Birney Collection of Anti-Slavery Pamphlets; Archive.org, Wellesley College Library; Archive.org, Library of Congress.]
  Reprinted: George Fitzhugh. Cannibals All! or, Slaves without Masters. Edited by C. Vann Woodward (1908-1999). Harvard University Press, 1960; 2009. (Contains an introductory essay by C. Vann Woodward.)
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Hinton Rowan Helper (1829–1909). The Impending Crisis of the South: How to Meet It. New York: Burdick Brothers, 1857.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, New York Public Library.]
• J. Smith Homans, Junior. An Historical and Statistical Account of the Foreign Commerce of the United States. New York: G.P. Putnam & Co., 1857.
  [Archive.org.]
• Herman Melville (1819–1891). The Confidence-Man: His Masquerade. New York: Dix, Edwards & Co., 1857.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
• Frederick Law Olmsted (1822–1903). A Journey through Texas; or, A Saddle-Trip on the Southwestern Frontier; with a Statistical Appendix. New York: Dix, Edwards & Co., 1857.
  [Archive.org.]
  Reprinted: Frederick Law Olmsted. A Journey through Texas: Or a Saddle-Trip on the Southwestern Frontier. Introduction by Witold Rybczynski. Lincoln, Nebraska: Bison Books / University of Nebraska Press, 2004.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~ 1858 ~~~~~
• James Henry Hammond (1807–1864). Speech of Hon. James H. Hammond, of South Carolina, on the Admission of Kansas under the Lecompton Constitution. Delivered in the Senate of the United States, March 4, 1858. Washington: Lemuel Towers, 1858.
  [Archive.org.]
  This is better known today as the "King Cotton" or "Mud-sill Speech."
  Also in: Selections from the Letters and Speeches of the Hon. James H. Hammond, of South Carolina. New York: J. F. Trow & Co., 1866. Pages 301-322.
  [Archive.org.]
• Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). "House Divided" speech. 16 June 1858.
  In: Proceedings of the Republican State Convention held at Spingfield [sic], Illinois, June 16, 1858. Springfield: Bailhache & Baker, 1858. Pages 9-12.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
  Also in: American Speeches: Political Oratory from the Revolution to the Civil War. Ted Widmer, editor. New York: Library of America, 2006.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865) and Stephen A. Douglas (1813-1861). Lincoln–Douglas debates, August - October, 1858.
  Political Debates between Hon. Abraham Lincoln and Hon. Stephen A. Douglas: in the Celebrated Campaign of 1858, in Illinois. Columbus: Follett, Foster and Company, 1860.
  [Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, California; Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, New York Public Library; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection, another copy.]
  Also in: Lincoln: Speeches and Writings 1832-1858. Don E. Fehrenbacher, editor. New York: Library of America, 1989.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. (1809–1894). The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table. Boston: Phillips, Sampson and Company, 1858.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, California; Archive.org, Yale; Archive.org, U.S. National Library of Medicine; Archive.org, California.]
• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882). The Courtship of Miles Standish, and Other Poems. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1858. London : W. Kent & Co., 1858.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1858, Brigham Young University; Archive.org, 1858, California; Archive.org, 1858, London; Archive.org, 1859.]
• Henry Sherman (1808-1879). Slavery in the United States of America: Its National Recognition and Relations, from the Establishment of the Confederacy, to the Present Time. Hartford: J. O. Hurlburt, 1858. Second edition, Hartford: Hurlburt & Pond, 1860.
  [Archive.org, 1858; Archive.org, 1860.]
~~~~~ 1859 ~~~~~
• "On August 28, 1859, George Bissell (1821–1884) and Edwin L. Drake (1819–1880) made the first successful use of a drilling rig on a well drilled especially to produce oil, at a site on Oil Creek near Titusville, Pennsylvania." (History of the petroleum industry in the United States, Wikipedia.)
• John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry, 16–18 October 1859.
• John Brown (1800–1859). Testimonies of Capt. John Brown, at Harper's Ferry, with His Address to the Court. New York: The American Anti-Slavery Society, 1860.
  [Archive.org.]
  Also in: American Speeches: Political Oratory from the Revolution to the Civil War. Ted Widmer, editor. New York: Library of America, 2006.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Charles Darwin (1809–1882). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. London: John Murray, 1859. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1860. Third Edition, London: John Murray, 1861.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1859, Boston Public Library; Archive.org, 1859, Harvard; Archive.org, 1859, Smithsonian; Archive.org, 1860; Archive.org, 1861.]
• Robert M. De Witt. The Life, Trial, and Conviction of Captain John Brown, known as "Old Brown of Ossawatomie," with a full account of the attempted insurrection at Harper's Ferry. New York: Robert M. De Witt, 1859.
  [Archive.org.]
• John Stuart Mill (1806–1873). On Liberty. London: John W. Parker and Son, 1859. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1863. Third Edition, London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green, 1864.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, London, 1864.]
• Florence Nightingale (1820–1910). Notes on Nursing: What it is and What it is Not. London: Harrison, 1859. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1860. Boston: William Carter, 1860. New Edition, Revised and Enlarged, London: Harrison, 1861.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, London 1859, California; Archive.org, London 1859, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Copy 1; Archive.org, London 1859, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Copy 2; Archive.org, New York 1860, California; Archive.org, New York 1860, Wellcome Library; Archive.org, Boston 1860, California; Archive.org, London 1861, Brigham Young University.]
• Edward A. Pollard (1832–1872). The Southern Spy: or, Curiosities of Negro Slavery in the South. Washington: Henry Polkinhorn, Printer, 1859.
  Reprinted as: Black Diamonds Gathered in the Darkey Homes of the South. New-York: Pudney & Russell, 1859.
  [Archive.org, Southern Spy; Archive.org, Black Diamonds.]
• Samuel Smiles (1812–1904). Self-Help; with Illustrations of Character and Conduct. London: John Murray, 1859. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1860. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1860.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Boston, 1860; Archive.org, New York, 1860.]
• Harriet E. Wilson (1825–1900). Our Nig: Sketches from the Life of a Free Black. Boston: Geo. C. Rand & Avery, 1859.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1859.]
  Reprinted: Harriet E. Wilson. Our Nig: Sketches from the Life of a Free Black. Introduction and Notes by P. Gabrielle Foreman and Reginald Pitts. Penguin Books, 2005.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  Reprinted: Harriet E. Wilson. Our Nig: Sketches from the Life of a Free Black. Edited with an Introduction by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and Richard J. Ellis. New York: Vintage Books (Penguin Random House), 2011.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ 1860s ~~~~~

• 1860s.
• Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). The Address of the Hon. Abraham Lincoln, In Vindication of the Policy of the Framers of the Constitution and the Principles of the Republican Party, Delivered at Cooper Institute, February 27th, 1860. New York: George F. Nesbitt & Co., 1860.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection, Copy 2; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection, Copy 3.]
  Also in: Lincoln: Speeches and Writings 1859-1865. Don E. Fehrenbacher, editor. New York: Library of America, 1989.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  Also in: American Speeches: Political Oratory from the Revolution to the Civil War. Ted Widmer, editor. New York: Library of America, 2006.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• 1860 Democratic National Conventions.
• United States presidential election, 1860, Lincoln versus Douglas versus Breckinridge versus Bell.
• Thomas Drew. The John Brown Invasion: An Authentic History of the Harper's Ferry Tragedy. Boston: James Campbell, 1860.
  [Archive.org.]
• E. N. Elliott, editor. Cotton is King, and Pro-Slavery Arguments. Augusta, Ga.: Pritchard, Abbott & Loomis, 1860.
  [Archive.org.]
  An anthology of mostly previously published books and essays by: David Christy; Albert Taylor Bledsoe; Thornton Stringfellow; William Harper; James Henry Hammond; Samuel A. Cartwright; E. N. Elliott; Charles Hodge. Also: The Dred Scott Decision.
• R. W. Emerson (1803–1882). The Conduct of Life. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1860. London: Smith, Elder and Co., 1860.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Boston, 1860, California; Archive.org, Boston, 1860, California; Archive.org, Boston, 1860, California; Archive.org, London, 1860, Toronto; Archive.org, London, 1860, Second Edition, Library of Congress.]
• Thomas Prentice Kettell (1811-1878). Southern Wealth and Northern Profits, as Exhibited in Statistical Facts and Official Figures: Showing the Necessity of Union to the Future Prosperity and Welfare of the Republic. New York: George W. & John A. Wood, 1860.
  [Archive.org.]
• Frederick Law Olmsted (1822–1903). A Journey in the Back Country. New York: Mason Brothers, 1860.
  [Archive.org.]
• James Redpath (1833-1891). The Public Life of Capt. John Brown. Boston: Thayer and Eldridge, 1860.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1861 ~~~~~
• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882), "Paul Revere's Ride," The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 7, Issue 39, Pages 27-30, January 1861.
  (Source: Making of America, Cornell University Library.)
  (Included in Tales of a Wayside Inn, 1863.)
  [Wikipedia.]
• Confederate States of America, established in February 1861.
• Corwin Amendment, passed by Congress 02 March 1861.
• Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). "First Inaugural Address," 04 March 1861.
  [Abraham Lincoln: "Inaugural Address," March 4, 1861. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=25818.]
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
  Also in: Lincoln: Speeches and Writings 1859-1865. Don E. Fehrenbacher, editor. New York: Library of America, 1989.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  Also in: American Speeches: Political Oratory from the Revolution to the Civil War. Ted Widmer, editor. New York: Library of America, 2006.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Alexander H. Stephens (1812–1883). "African Slavery: The Corner-Stone of the Southern Confederacy," Delivered at the Atheneum, Savannah, 22 March 1861. In Three Unlike Essays. New York: E. D. Barker, 1862. Pages 65-78.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org; Archive.org, with adverts.]
  Also in: American Speeches: Political Oratory from the Revolution to the Civil War. Ted Widmer, editor. New York: Library of America, 2006.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Battle of Fort Sumter, 12–13 April 1861.
• Baltimore riot of 1861, 19 April 1861.
• Abraham Lincoln, "Executive Order," 25 April 1861.
  [Abraham Lincoln: "Executive Order," April 25, 1861. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=70145.]
• Ex parte Merryman, filed 01 June 1861.
• Abraham Lincoln, "Special Session Message," 04 July 1861.
  [Abraham Lincoln: "Special Session Message," July 4, 1861. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=69802.]
• First Battle of Bull Run, 21 July 1861.
• Crittenden Resolution, 25 July 1861.
• Trent Affair, November 1861 - January 1862.
• Abraham Lincoln, "First Annual Message," 03 December 1861.
  [Abraham Lincoln: "First Annual Message," December 3, 1861. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=29502.]
• Serfdom in Russia, Emancipation Reform of 1861.
• Felix Gregory De Fontaine (1832-1896). History of American Abolitionism; Its Four Great Epochs. . . . Together with a History of the Southern Confederacy. (Originally published in the New York Herald.). New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1861.
  [Archive.org.]
• Harriet Ann Jacobs (1813–1897). Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. Edited by Lydia Maria Child (1802-1880). Boston, 1861.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
  Also in: Slave Narratives. Edited by William L. Andrews and Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York: Library of America, 2000.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Emanuel Leutze (1816–1868). Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way, 1861.
• John Lothrop Motley (1814-1877). The Causes of the American Civil War.: A Letter to the London Times.. New York: James G. Gregory, 1861. New York: D. Appleton & Company, 1861.
  [Making of America Books, University of Michigan; Archive.org, Columbia; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, California; Archive.org, Library of Congress, copy 2; Archive.org, Archive.org, Library of Congress, another copy.]
• Frederick Law Olmsted (1822–1903). Journeys and Explorations in the Cotton Kingdom: A Traveller's Observations on Cotton and Slavery in the American Slave States. London: Sampson Low, Son, & Co., 1861. American edition: The Cotton Kingdom: A Traveller's Observations on Cotton and Slavery in the American Slave States. New York: Mason Brothers, 1861.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, New York edition, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, New York edition, vol 2 of 2.]
  Reprinted: Frederick Law Olmsted. The Cotton Kingdom: A Traveller's Observations on Cotton and Slavery in the American Slave States, 1853-1861. Arthur M. Schlesinger, editor. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1953. New York: De Capo Press, Inc. (Perseus Books Group / Hachette), 1996.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Samuel Smiles (1812–1904). Lives of the Engineers, with an Account of Their Principal Works. London: John Murray, 1861.
  [Archive.org, Toronto set: vol 1 of 4 (Embanking and Draining; Myddelton; Roads; Bridges, Harbours and Ferries; Brindley); vol 2 of 4 (Smeaton; Rennie; Telford); vol 3 of 4 (George and Robert Stevenson); vol 4 of 4 (Boulton and Watt).
  Archive.org, California set: vol 1 of 4; vol 2 of 4; vol 3 of 4; vol 4 of 4.
  Archive.org, 1904 set: vol 1 of 5 (Early Engineering); vol 2 of 5 (Harbours-Lighthouses-Bridges); vol 3 of 5 (Roads); vol 4 of 5 (The Steam-Engine); vol 5 of 5 (The Locomotive).]
~~~~~ 1862 ~~~~~
• Legal Tender Act of 1862.
• Julia Ward Howe (1819–1910), "Battle Hymn of the Republic," The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 9, Issue 52, Pages 145-146, February 1862.
  (Source: Making of America, Cornell University Library.)
  [Wikipedia.]
• Act Prohibiting the Return of Slaves, March 1862.
• Battle of Shiloh, 06 – 07 April 1862.
• Peninsula Campaign, March - July 1862.
• Homestead Act of 1862, signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on 20 May 1862.
• Pacific Railroad Acts 1862; 1863; 1864; 1865; 1866.
• Seven Days Battles, 25 June - 01 July 1862.
• Revenue Act of 1862, 01 July 1862.
• Morrill Act of 1862, effective 02 July 1862.
• Confiscation Act of 1862, or Second Confiscation Act, July 1862.
• Dakota War of 1862, August - December 1862.
• Second Battle of Bull Run, 28–30 August 1862.
• Maryland Campaign, September 1862.
• Battle of Antietam, 17 September 1862.
• Emancipation Proclamation, signed 22 September 1862, effective 01 January 1863.
• Abraham Lincoln, "Proclamation 93 — Declaring the Objectives of the War Including Emancipation of Slaves in Rebellious States on January 1, 1863," 22 September 1862.
  [Abraham Lincoln: "Proclamation 93—Declaring the Objectives of the War Including Emancipation of Slaves in Rebellious States on January 1, 1863," September 22, 1862. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=69782.]
• Abraham Lincoln, "Proclamation 94 — Suspending the Writ of Habeas Corpus," 24 September 1862.
  [Abraham Lincoln: "Proclamation 94—Suspending the Writ of Habeas Corpus," September 24, 1862. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=69783.]
• United States House of Representatives elections, 1862.
• Abraham Lincoln, "Second Annual Message," 01 December 1862.
  [Abraham Lincoln: "Second Annual Message," December 1, 1862. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=29503.]
• Battle of Fredericksburg, 11–15 December 1862.
• Vicksburg Campaign, December 1862 - July 1863.
• Edward A. Pollard (1832–1872). The First Year of the War. Richmond: West & Johnston, 1862.
  [Archive.org; Archive.org, Corrected and Improved Edition; Archive.org, Corrected and Improved Edition.]
• John Elliott Cairnes (1823-1875). The Slave Power: Its Character, Career, and Probable Designs: being an attempt to explain the real issues involved in the American contest. London: Parker, Son, and Bourn, 1862. New York: Carleton, Publisher, 1862. London and Cambridge: Macmillan and Co., 1863. New York: Follett, Foster & Co., 1863. New York: A. M. Kelley, 1968.
  [Archive.org, London, 1862; Archive.org, New York, 1862; Archive.org, London, 1863; Archive.org, New York, 1863.]
~~~~~ 1863 ~~~~~
• Abraham Lincoln, "Proclamation 95 — Regarding the Status of Slaves in States Engaged in Rebellion Against the United States [Emancipation Proclamation]," 01 January 1863.
  [Abraham Lincoln: "Proclamation 95—Regarding the Status of Slaves in States Engaged in Rebellion Against the United States [Emancipation Proclamation]," January 1, 1863. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=69880.]
• Clement Vallandigham (1820–1871). The Great Civil War in America: Speech of Hon. Clement Laird Vallandigham, of Ohio, in the House of Representatives, January 14, 1863. Washington, 1863.
  [Archive.org.]
• Southern bread riots, March and April 1863.
• Battle of Chancellorsville, 30 April - 06 May 1863.
  Stonewall Jackson (1824–1863).
• Siege of Port Hudson, 22 May – 09 July 1863.
• Siege of Vicksburg, 18 May – 04 July 1863.
• Gettysburg Campaign, Summer 1863.
• Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). President Lincoln's Reasons for Arresting Vallandigham. 12 June 1863.
  [Archive.org.]
• Battle of Gettysburg, 01–03 July 1863.
• New York City draft riots, 13–16 July 1863.
• Chattanooga Campaign, October - November 1863.
• Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). "Address at the Dedication of the National Cemetery at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania," 19 November 1863.
  [Abraham Lincoln: "Address at the Dedication of the National Cemetery at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania," November 19, 1863. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=73959.]
  Wikipedia.
  Also in: Lincoln: Speeches and Writings 1859-1865. Don E. Fehrenbacher, editor. New York: Library of America, 1989.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  Also in: American Speeches: Political Oratory from the Revolution to the Civil War. Ted Widmer, editor. New York: Library of America, 2006.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Edward Everett (1794-1865) and Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). An Oration Delivered on the Battlefield of Gettysburg (November 19, 1863): at the Consecration of the Cemetery. New York: Baker & Godwin, 1863.
  [Archive.org.]
• Abraham Lincoln, "Third Annual Message," 08 December 1863.
  [Abraham Lincoln: "Third Annual Message," December 8, 1863. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=29504.]
• Ten percent plan, Executive Order issued on 08 December 1863, Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction.
• Abraham Lincoln, "Proclamation 108 — Amnesty and Reconstruction," 08 December 1863.
  [Abraham Lincoln: "Proclamation 108—Amnesty and Reconstruction," December 8, 1863. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=69987.]
• Louisa May Alcott (1832-1888). Hospital Sketches. Boston: James Redpath, 1863.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, California; Archive.org, Brigham Young University; Archive.org, Duke University.]
  Reprinted: Louisa M. Alcott. Hospital Sketches and Camp and Fireside Stories. Boston: Roberts Brothers, 1884.
  [Archive.org.]
  Reprinted: Louisa May Alcott. Hospital Sketches. Bedford Series in History & Culture. Edited with an Introduction by Alice Fahs. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's (Macmillan), 2003.
  [Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  Reprinted: Louisa May Alcott. Civil War Hospital Sketches. Mineola, New York: Dover Publications, 2006.
  [Publisher; Amazon.com.]
• Edward Everett Hale (1822-1909), "The Man without a Country," The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 12, Issue 73, Pages 665-680, December 1863.
  (Source: Making of America, Cornell University Library.)
  [Wikipedia.]
  Included in: Edward E. Hale. If, Yes, and Perhaps. Four Possibilities and Six Exaggerations, with Some Bits of Fact. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1868. Boston: Fields, Osgood, & Co., 1869.
  [Archive.org, 1868; Archive.org, 1869.]
• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882). Tales of a Wayside Inn. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1863.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, Toronto.]
• Edward A. Pollard (1832–1872). The Second Year of the War. Richmond: West & Johnston, 1863.
  [Archive.org, Pittsburgh ; Archive.org, Duke.]
• Clement Vallandigham (1820–1871). The Record of Hon. C. L. Vallandigham on Abolition, the Union, and the Civil War. Cincinnati: J. Walter & Co., 1863.
  [Archive.org.]
• The Trial of Hon. Clement L. Vallandigham: by a Military Commission: and the Proceedings under His Application for a Writ of habeas corpus in the Circuit Court of the United States for the Southern District of Ohio. Cincinnati: Rickey and Carroll, 1863.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1864 ~~~~~
• Ex parte Vallandigham, February 1864.
• Overland Campaign, May - June 1864.
• Battle of the Wilderness, 05 – 07 May 1864.
• Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, 08 - 21 May 1864.
• Battle of Cold Harbor, 31 May - 12 June 1864.
• Siege of Petersburg, June 1864 - 25 March 1865.
• Wade–Davis Bill, passed by Congress 02 July 1864, a plan for Reconstruction; vetoed by Lincoln.
• Battle of the Crater, 30 July 1864.
• Atlanta Campaign, Summer 1864.
• Battle of Atlanta, 22 July 1864.
• Battle of Mobile Bay, 05 August 1864.
• Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign (August–October 1864).
• Roger B. Taney (1777–1864), Chief Justice of the United States, March 1836 – October 1864, died in October 1864.
• United States presidential election, 1864, Lincoln versus McClellan.
  Copperhead.
• Sherman's March to the Sea, November - December 1864.
• Salmon P. Chase (1808–1873), Chief Justice of the United States, December 1864 – May 1873.
• Clement Vallandigham (1820–1871). Speeches, Arguments, Addresses, and Letters of Clement L. Vallandigham. New York: J. Walter & Co., 1864.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1865 ~~~~~
• Freedmen's Bureau, established 03 March 1865.
• Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). "Second Inaugural Address," 04 March 1865.
  [Abraham Lincoln: "Inaugural Address," March 4, 1865. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=25819.]
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
  Also in: Lincoln: Speeches and Writings 1859-1865. Don E. Fehrenbacher, editor. New York: Library of America, 1989.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  Also in: American Speeches: Political Oratory from the Revolution to the Civil War. Ted Widmer, editor. New York: Library of America, 2006.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Siege of Petersburg, June 1864 - 25 March 1865.
• Appomattox Campaign, 29 March – 09 April 1865.
• Battle of Appomattox Court House, 09 April 1865; formal surrender ceremony 12 April 1865 marked the disbandment of the Army of Northern Virginia.
• Conclusion of the American Civil War.
• Reconstruction Era, 1865 - 1877.
• Assassination of Abraham Lincoln, 14 April 1865.
• Presidency of Andrew Johnson, April 1865 - March 1869.
• Jordan Anderson (1825–1907), "Letter from a Freedman to His Old Master," 07 August 1865.
• Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified 06 December 1865.
• Edward Everett Hale (1822-1909), editor. The President's Words: A Selection of Passages from the Speeches, Addresses, and Letters of Abraham Lincoln. Boston: Walker, Fuller, and Company, 1865.
  [Archive.org.]
• Edward A. Pollard (1832–1872). Observations in the North: Eight Months in Prison and on Parole. Richmond: E. W. Ayres, 1865.
  [Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, New York Public Library.]
• Edward A. Pollard (1832–1872). Southern History of the War: The Third Year of the War. New York: Charles B. Richardson, 1865.
  [Archive.org.]
• Albert D. Richardson (1833-1869). The Secret Service, the Field, the Dungeon, and the Escape. Hartford, Conn.: American Publishing Company, 1865.
  [Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection.]
• Mark Twain (1835–1910), "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County," The Saturday Press, 18 November 1865.
  [Wikipedia.]
  (First published in book form in 1867.)
• Walt Whitman (1819–1892). Drum-Taps. New York, 1865.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Brigham Young University; Archive.org, California.]
• Walt Whitman (1819–1892). Sequel to Drum-Taps. Washington, 1865.
  [Wikipedia.]
• Walt Whitman, "O Captain! My Captain!," 1865.
• Walt Whitman, "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd," 1865.
~~~~~ 1866 ~~~~~
• Civil Rights Act of 1866, enacted 09 April 1866.
• Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, passed by Congress June 1866, ratification completed 09 July 1868.
• P. T. Barnum (1810–1891). The Humbugs of the World: An Account of Humbugs, Delusions, Impositions, Quackeries, Deceits and Deceivers Generally, in All Ages. New York: Carleton, 1866. London: John Camden Hotten, 1866.
  [Archive.org, New York; Archive.org, London.]
• Kate Cumming (1830–1909). A Journal of Hospital Life in the Confederate Army of Tennessee. Louisville, KY: John P. Morton & Co., 1866.
  [Archive.org, National Library of Medicine.]
• Herman Melville (1819–1891). Battle-Pieces and Aspects of the War. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1866.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Brigham Young University; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, California.]
• Edward A. Pollard (1832–1872), editor. Echoes from the South: Compromising the Most Important Speeches, Proclamations, and Public Acts Emanating from the South during the Late War. New York: E. B. Treat & Co., 1866.
  [Archive.org.]
• Edward A. Pollard (1832–1872). The Lost Cause; A New Southern History of the War of the Confederates. New York: E. B. Treat & Co., 1866. New and Enlarged Edition, New York: E. B. Treat & Co., 1867.
  [Archive.org, 1866, Library of Congress; Archive.org, 1866, Civil War Documents; Archive.org, 1866, New York Public Library; Archive.org, 1866, California; Archive.org, 1867, Library of Congress; Archive.org, 1867, Brigham Young University.]
~~~~~ 1867 ~~~~~
• Tenure of Office Act (1867).
• Reconstruction Acts, March 1867 - March 1868.
• Alaska Purchase, from the Russian Empire, on 30 March 1867.
• Jefferson Davis (1808–1889) released from prison April 1867.
• Walter Bagehot (1826–1877). The English Constitution. London: Chapman and Hall, 1867.
  [Wikipedia; Google Books, British Library; Google Books, New York Public Library.]
• Mark Twain (1835–1910). The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, and Other Sketches. New York: C.H. Webb, 1867.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1867; Archive.org, 1869.]
~~~~~ 1868 ~~~~~
• Impeachment of Andrew Johnson, 1868.
  Radical Republican.
• United States presidential election, 1868, Grant versus Seymour.
• Louisa May Alcott (1832-1888). Little Women, or, Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy. Boston: Roberts Brothers, 1868.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, 1869, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, 1869, vol 2 of 2.]
• Horatio Alger, Jr. (1832–1899). Ragged Dick; or, Street Life in New York with the Boot Blacks. Boston: Loring, 1868.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Brandeis University; Archive.org, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.]
• George Caleb Bingham (1811–1879). Martial Law or Order No. 11, 1868. Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1855-1865, The Kansas City Public Library.
  Pamela D. Toler, "George Caleb Bingham’s “Order No. 11”," historynet.com, 03 May 2011.
• Horace Greeley (1811–1872). Recollections of a Busy Life. New York: J. B. Ford & Company, 1868.
  [Archive.org, California; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, Illinois; Archive.org, Library of Congress.]
• Bret Harte (1836–1902), "The Luck of Roaring Camp," The Overland Monthly, August 1868 [Volume 1, Number 2, Pages 183-189].
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
  (First appeared in book form in The Luck of Roaring Camp, and Other Sketches, 1870.)
• Frances Flora Bond Palmer (1812–1876) and Currier and Ives. Across the Continent, 1868.
  Copies at: National Gallery of Art; Philadelphia Museum of Art; Library of Congress.
• Edward A. Pollard (1832–1872). The Lost Cause Regained. New York: G.W. Carleton & Co., 1868.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1869 ~~~~~
• Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant, March 1869 - March 1877.
• Texas v. White, decided 12 April 1869.
• First Transcontinental Railroad completed May 1869.
• Bret Harte (1836–1902), "The Outcasts of Poker Flat," The Overland Monthly, January 1869 [Volume 2, Number 1, Pages 41-47].
  [Wikipedia; Google Books.]
  (First appeared in book form in The Luck of Roaring Camp, and Other Sketches, 1870.)
• Mark Twain (1835–1910). The Innocents Abroad, or The New Pilgrims' Progress. Hartford, Conn.: American Publishing Company, 1869.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~ 1870s ~~~~~

• 1870s.
• Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified 03 February 1870.
• Enforcement Acts, 1870 and 1871.
• Franco-Prussian War, July 1870 – May 1871.
• Bret Harte (1836–1902). The Luck of Roaring Camp, and Other Sketches. Boston: Fields, Osgood, & Co., 1870.
  [Archive.org, first issue, 1870; Archive.org, second issue, 1870; Archive.org, third issue, 1870; Archive.org, fifth issue, 1871; Archive.org, 1871.]
  Reprinted: Bret Harte. The Luck of Roaring Camp and Other Writings. With an Introduction and Notes by Gary Scharnhorst. New York: Penguin Books, 2001.
  [Publisher; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~ 1871 ~~~~~
• Paris Commune, March–May, 1871.
• Great Chicago Fire, 08-10 October 1871.
• Thomas Prentice Kettell (1811-1878) and others. One Hundred Years' Progress of the United States. Hartford, Conn.: L. Stebbins, 1871.
  [Archive.org.]
• Walt Whitman (1819–1892). Democratic Vistas. Washington, D.C., 1871.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Middlebury College; Archive.org, California.]
~~~~~ 1872 ~~~~~
• Crédit Mobilier of America scandal, 1872.
• Liberal Republican Party (United States), 1872.
• United States presidential election, 1872, Grant versus Greeley.
• John Gast (1842–1896). American Progress, 1872.
  Martha A. Sandweiss, "John Gast, American Progress, 1872," Picturing United States History, City University of New York.
• William Still (1821–1902). The Underground Rail Road. A Record of Facts, Authentic Narratives, Letters, &c.. Philadelphia: Porter & Coates, 1872.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Boston Public Library; Archive.org, Wellesley; Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, Illinois; Archive.org, Gettysburg College.]
• Henry Wilson (1812–1875). History of the Rise and Fall of the Slave Power in America. In Three Volumes. Boston: James R. Osgood and Company, 1872; 1874; 1877. (Later editions published by Houghton, Mifflin Company.)
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 3; Archive.org, vol 2 of 3; Archive.org, vol 3 of 3.]
~~~~~ 1873 ~~~~~
• Panic of 1873.
• Colfax massacre, 13 April 1873.
• Slaughter-House Cases, 14 April 1873.
• William Ellery Channing (1818-1901). Thoreau: The Poet-Naturalist. Boston: Roberts Brothers, 1873.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1874 ~~~~~
• Morrison Waite (1816–1888), Chief Justice of the United States, January 1874 – March 1888.
• United States elections, 1874.
• Memoirs of John Quincy Adams, Comprising Portions of His Diary from 1795 to 1848. Edited by Charles Francis Adams. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1874-1877.
  [Archive.org: vol 1 of 12; vol 2 of 12; vol 3 of 12; vol 4 of 12; vol 5 of 12; vol 6 of 12; vol 7 of 12; vol 8 of 12; vol 9 of 12; vol 10 of 12; vol 11 of 12; vol 12 of 12.]
• The Diaries of John Quincy Adams: A Digital Collection, Massachusetts Historical Society.
~~~~~ 1875 ~~~~~
• Civil Rights Act of 1875.
~~~~~ 1876 ~~~~~
• Alexander Graham Bell (1847–1922) awarded a United States patent for the electric telephone, March 1876.
• United States v. Cruikshank, 27 March 1876.
• Centennial Exposition, Philadelphia, May-November 1876.
• Great Sioux War of 1876.
• Battle of the Little Bighorn, 25–26 June 1876.
• United States presidential election, 1876, Hayes versus Tilden.
• Walt Whitman (1819–1892). Two Rivulets: Including Democratic Vistas, Centennial Songs, and Passage to India. Camden, New Jersey, 1876.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~ 1877 ~~~~~
• Compromise of 1877.
• Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes, March 1877 - March 1881.
• Nez Perce War, June – October 1877.
• Great Railroad Strike of 1877, July – September 1877.
• Jim Crow laws.
• New South.
~~~~~ 1879 ~~~~~
• [Albert Gallatin (1761–1849).] The Writings of Albert Gallatin. Edited by Henry Adams (1838–1918). Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1879.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 3; Archive.org, vol 2 of 3; Archive.org, vol 3 of 3.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~ 1880s ~~~~~

• Walt Whitman (1819–1892). Specimen Days & Collect. Philadelphia: Rees Welsh & Co., 1882.
  [Archive.org.]
• Frank William Taussig (1859–1940). Protection to Young Industries as Applied in the United States: A Study in Economic History. Cambridge, Mass.: Moses King, 1883. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1884; 1886.
  [Archive.org, 1883; Archive.org, 1884; Archive.org, 1886.]
• Frank William Taussig (1859–1940). The History of the Present Tariff, 1860-1883. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1885.
  [Archive.org.]
• John Charles Frémont (1813–1890). Memoirs of My Life. Chicago and New York: Belford, Clarke & Company, 1886.
  [Archive.org, 1886; Archive.org, 1887.]
• Robert Underwood Johnson (1853–1937) and Clarence Clough Buel (1850–1933), editors. Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. New York: The Century Co., 1887.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection: vol 1 of 4; vol 2 of 4; vol 3 of 4; vol 4 of 4.]
• J. L. Ringwalt. Development of Transportation Systems in the United States. Philadelphia, 1888. New York: Johnson Reprint Corporation, 1966.
  [Archive.org, Toronto; Archive.org, Boston Public Library, 1966 reprint.]
• Frank William Taussig (1859–1940). The Tariff History of the United States: A Series of Essays. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1888. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1893.
  [Archive.org, 1888; Archive.org, 1893.]
  F. W. Taussig. The Tariff History of the United States. Fifth edition, New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1910. Sixth edition, New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1914. Eighth edition, New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1931.
  [Archive.org, 5e, 1910; Archive.org, 6e, 1914; Archive.org, 8e, 1931.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ 1890s ~~~~~

• John G. Nicolay (1832–1901) and John Hay (1838–1905). Abraham Lincoln: A History. In The Century Magazine. Condensed serial version of the book published in 1890, excerpted from The Century illustrated monthly magazine, volumes 33-39, new ser., v. 11-17, Nov. 1866-Feb. 1890.
  [Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection.]
• John G. Nicolay (1832–1901) and John Hay (1838–1905). Abraham Lincoln: A History. In Ten Volumes. New York: The Century Co., 1890.
  [Wikipedia;
  Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection, Arthur Dixon set: vol 1 of 10; vol 2 of 10; vol 3 of 10; vol 4 of 10; vol 5 of 10; vol 6 of 10; vol 7 of 10; vol 8 of 10; vol 9 of 10; vol 10 of 10.]
• Frank William Taussig (1859–1940), editor. State Papers and Speeches on the Tariff. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University, 1893.
  (Introduction by F. W. Taussig. Works by Alexander Hamilton, Albert Gallatin, Robert J. Walker, Henry Clay, Daniel Webster.)
  [Archive.org.]
• William Graham Sumner (1840–1910). A History of Banking in the United States. Volume 1 of 4 in A History of Banking in All the Leading Nations. New York: The Journal of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin, 1896.
  [Archive.org.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ 1900s ~~~~~

• Edward Stanwood. American Tariff Controversies in the Nineteenth Century. In Two Volumes. Boston and New York: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1903. Westminster: Archibald Constable & Co., 1903.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 2, Stanford; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2, Stanford; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2, Cornell; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2, Cornell; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2, Toronto; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2, Toronto; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2, Michigan; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2, Michigan.]
• Katharine Coman (1857–1915). The Industrial History of the United States. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1905. New and Revised Edition, New York: The Macmillan Company, 1910.
  [Archive.org, 1905; Archive.org, 1918.]
• Annie Heloise Abel (1873–1947). The History of Events Resulting in Indian Consolidation West of the Mississippi. Washington: American Historical Association, 1908.
  [Archive.org.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ 1910s ~~~~~

• Milo Milton Quaife, editor. The Diary of James K. Polk: During his Presidency, 1845 to 1849. In Four Volumes. Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co., 1910.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 4; Archive.org, vol 2 of 4; Archive.org, vol 3 of 4; Archive.org, vol 4 of 4.]
• Katharine Coman (1857–1915). Economic Beginnings of the Far West: How We Won the Land Beyond the Mississippi. Volume 1. Explorers and Colonizers. Volume 2. American Settlers. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1912. Two Volumes in One, New York: The Macmillan Company, 1925.
  [Archive.org, 1912, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, 1912, vol 2 of 2; Archive.org, 1925.]
• Victor S. Clark. History of Manufactures in the United States 1607-1860. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1916.
  [Google Books; Archive.org.]
• Ernest Ludlow Bogart and Charles Manfred Thompson, editors. Readings in the Economic History of the United States. New York: Longmans, Green and Co., 1916.
  [Archive.org.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~ Civil War Memoirs, Diaries, Letters ~~~~~

(Ordered by the author's birthdate.)

• [Gideon Welles (1802–1878).] Diary of Gideon Welles: Secretary of the Navy under Lincoln and Johnson. Edited by Edgar T. Welles. Introduction by John T. Morse. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1911.
  [Archive.org, University of Toronto set: vol 1 of 3; vol 2 of 3; vol 3 of 3.
  Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection set: vol 1 of 3; vol 2 of 3; vol 3 of 3.
  Archive.org, New York Public Library set: vol 1 of 3; vol 2 of 3; vol 3 of 3.]
• [Gideon Welles.] The Civil War Diary of Gideon Welles, Lincoln's Secretary of the Navy. Edited by William E. Gienapp and Erica L. Gienapp. Urbana, Chicago, and Springfield: The Knox College Lincoln Studies Center and the University of Illinois Press, 2014.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~
• [Robert E. Lee (1807–1870).] Lee's Dispatches: Unpublished Letters of General Robert E. Lee, C.S.A., to Jefferson Davis and the War Department of the Confederate States of America, 1862-65. Edited with an Introduction by Douglas Southall Freeman (1886–1953). New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1915.
  [Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, University of British Columbia.]
~~~~~
• [Charles Francis Adams, Sr. (1807-1886); Charles Francis Adams, Jr. (1835-1915); Henry Adams (1838-1918).] A Cycle of Adams Letters, 1861-1865. Edited by Worthington Chauncey Ford (1858-1941). Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1920. London: Constable and Company Ltd., 1921.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 2, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2, Illinois; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2, Illinois; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2, California; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2, California; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2, Boston Public Library; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2, Boston Public Library; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2, Toronto; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2, Toronto.]
~~~~~
• Jefferson Davis (1808–1889). The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1881.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
• Jefferson Davis. A Short History of the Confederate States of America. New York: Belford Company, 1890.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org.]
• Jefferson Davis. Andersonville and Other War-Prisons. New York: Belford Company, 1890.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~
• John Beauchamp Jones (1810–1866). A Rebel War Clerk's Diary at the Confederate States Capital. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1866.
  [Archive.org, 1866, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, 1866, vol 2 of 2.]
• John Beauchamp Jones. A Rebel War Clerk's Diary: At the Confederate States Capital. Edited by James I. Robertson Jr. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 2015.
  [Publisher, 2015, vol 1 of 2; Publisher, 2015, vol 2 of 2; Amazon.com, 2015, vol 1 of 2; Amazon.com, 2015, vol 2 of 2.]
~~~~~
• Louisa Susannah Cheves McCord (1810-1879). Political and Social Essays. Richard C. Lounsbury, editor. Charlottesville: The University of Virginia Press, 1995.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~
• Alexander H. Stephens (1812–1883). A Constitutional View of the Late War between the States: Its Causes, Character, Conduct and Results. Philadelphia, Pa.: National Publishing Company; Chicago: Zeigler, McCurdy & Co., 1868.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
• Alexander H. Stephens. The Reviewers Reviewed; A Supplement to the "War between the States," etc., with an Appendix in Review of "Reconstruction," so called. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1872.
  [Archive.org.]
~~~~~
• George Templeton Strong (1820–1875). The Diary of George Templeton Strong. New York: Macmillan, 1952.
  • Young Man in New York, 1835-1849. [Google Books.]
  • The Turbulent Fifties, 1850-1859. [Google Books.]
  • The Civil War, 1860-1865. [Google Books.]
  • Post-War Years, 1865-1875. [Google Books.]
~~~~~
• William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891). Memoirs of General William T. Sherman. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1875. Second edition, revised and corrected. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1886.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 2, 1875; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2, 1875.]
• William Tecumseh Sherman. Memoirs of General W.T. Sherman. New York: Library of America, 1990.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~
• James Longstreet (1821–1904). From Manassas to Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co., 1896. Dallas: The Dallas Publishing Company, 1896.
  [Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, Hatfield Historical Museum; Archive.org, Dallas edition, Library of Congress.]
~~~~~
• Ulysses S. Grant (1822–1885). Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant. New York: Charles L. Webster & Company, 1885.
  [Wikipedia; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2.]
• Ulysses S. Grant. Memoirs and Selected Letters. William S. McFeely and Mary McFeeley, editors. New York: Library of America, 1990.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• The Personal Memoirs of U.S. Grant: The Complete Annotated Edition. Edited by John Marszalek. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2017.
  [Publisher; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~
• Mary Boykin Chesnut (1823–1886). A Diary from Dixie. Isabella D. Martin and Myrta Lockett Avary, editors. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1905.
  [Archive.org.]
• Mary Boykin Chesnut. A Diary from Dixie. Ben Ames Williams (1889–1953), editor. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1949.
  [Google Books.]
• Mary Boykin Chesnut. Mary Chesnut's Civil War. C. Vann Woodward (1908–1999), editor. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Mary Boykin Chesnut. The Private Mary Chesnut: The Unpublished Civil War Diaries. C. Vann Woodward and Elisabeth Muhlenfeld, editors. New York: Oxford University Press, 1984.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Mary Boykin Chesnut. Mary Chesnut's Diary. Introduction by Catherine Clinton. New York: Penguin Group, 2011.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Julia A. Stern. Mary Chesnut's Civil War Epic. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~
• Catherine Ann Devereux Edmondston (1823–1875). Journal of a Secesh Lady: The Diary of Catherine Ann Devereux Edmondston, 1860-1866. Edited by Beth Gilbert Crabtree and James W. Patton. Division of Archives and History, Department of Cultural Resources, 1979. Second Edition, North Carolina Office of Archives and History, 1999.
  [Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~
• Thomas Wentworth Higginson (1823–1911). Army Life in a Black Regiment. Boston: Fields, Osgood, & Co., 1870.
  [Archive.org, Toronto; Archive.org, Wellesley.]
• Thomas Wentworth Higginson. Army Life in a Black Regiment and Other Writings. Introduction by R.D. Madison. New York: Penguin Classics (Penguin Random House), 1997.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~
• General Joshua L. Chamberlain (1828–1914). Appomattox. Paper Read before the New York Commandery Loyal Legion of the United States. October Seventh, 1903.
  [Archive.org.]
• Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain. The Passing of the Armies: An Account of the Final Campaign of the Army of the Potomac, Based upon Personal Reminiscences of the Fifth Army Corps. New York : G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1915.
  [Archive.org.]
• Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain. The Passing of the Armies. Introduction by James M. McPherson. New York: Bantam Books, 1993.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~
• [Carl Schurz (1829–1906).] The Reminiscences of Carl Schurz. With a Sketch of His Life and Public Services from 1869 to 1906 by Frederic Bancroft (1860-1945) and William Archibald Dunning (1857-1922). New York: The McClure Company, 1907 and 1908. (Volumes One and Two published in 1907; Volume Three published in 1908.)
  [Archive.org: Volume One, 1829-1852; Volume Two, 1852-1863; Volume Three, 1869-1869.]
~~~~~
• Kate Cumming (1830–1909). Gleanings from Southland: Sketches of Life and Manners of the People of the South before, during and after the War of Secession, with Extracts from the Author's Journal and Epitome of the New South. Birmingham [Ala.]: Roberts & Son, 1895.
  [Archive.org, Library of Congress.]
~~~~~
• [Philip Sheridan (1831–1888).] Personal Memoirs of P. H. Sheridan. New York: Charles L. Webster & Company, 1888. London: Chatto and Windus, 1888. Montreal: Dawson Brothers, 1888.
  [Archive.org, vol 1 of 2, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, vol 1 of 2, Toronto; Archive.org, vol 2 of 2, Toronto.]
~~~~~
• [Ella Gertrude Clanton Thomas (1834-1907).] The Secret Eye: The Journal of Ella Gertrude Clanton Thomas, 1848-1889. Edited by Virginia Ingraham Burr. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1990.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~
• Vicki Adams Tongate. Another Year Finds Me in Texas: The Civil War Diary of Lucy Pier Stevens. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2016.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~
• Sam Watkins (1839-1901). Co. Aytch. Nashville, Tenn.: Cumberland Presbyterian Publishing House, 1882.
  [Archive.org.]
• Sam Watkins. Company Aytch: or, A Side Show of the Big Show. Edited with an Introduction by M. Thomas Inge. New York: Plume / New American Library / Penguin, 1999.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Sam R. Watkins. Company Aytch: or a Side Show of the Big Show: A Memoir of the Civil War. Ruth Hill Fulton McAllister, editor. Introduction by Robert Hicks. Nashville, Tenn.: Turner Publishing Company, 2011.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Sam Watkins. Co. Aytch, or a Side Show of the Big Show. A New Edition Annotated and Edited by Philip Leigh. Yardley, Pennsylvania: Westholme Publishing, 2013.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~
• Sarah Katherine Stone (1841-1907). Brokenburn: The Journal of Kate Stone, 1861--1868. Edited by John Q. Anderson. New Introduction by Drew Gilpin Faust. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1955, 1972, 1995.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~
• Elisha Hunt Rhodes (1842–1917). The First Campaign of the Second Rhode Island Infantry. Providence: Sidney S. Rider, 1878.
  [Archive.org.]
• Elisha H. Rhodes. The Second Rhode Island Volunteers at the Siege of Petersburg, Virginia. Providence: Rhode Island Soldiers and Sailors Historical Society, 1915.
  [Archive.org.]
• Elisha Hunt Rhodes. All for the Union: The Civil War Diary & Letters of Elisha Hunt Rhodes. Robert Hunt Rhodes, editor. Lincoln, Rhode Island: A. Mowbray, 1985. New York: Vintage Books (Penguin Random House), 1992.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
~~~~~
• David Homer Bates (1843-1926). Lincoln in the Telegraph Office: Recollections of the United States Military Telegraph Corps during the Civil War. New York: The Century Co., 1907. New York: D. Appleton - Century Co., 1939.
  [Archive.org, Wellesley; Archive.org, Illinois; Archive.org, Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection; Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, California; Archive.org, Library of Congress; Archive.org, 1939, Illinois.]
~~~~~