Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part Three (2001)

William Shakespeare.
Henry VI, Part Three.
Edited by Randall Martin.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
This edition first published in 2001.

Book Information: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.

Book Series: The Oxford Shakespeare; Oxford World's Classics.

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Editor:

• Randall Martin is Professor Emeritus, Department of English, University of New Brunswick (Fredericton), Canada.
• Martin, Randall 1958-, OCLC WorldCat Identities.
• Randall Martin, editor. Women Writers in Renaissance England: An Annotated Anthology, Second Edition. London and New York: Routledge, 2010.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• William Shakespeare. The Comedy of Errors. Edited by Stanley Wells. Introduction by Randall Martin. The Penguin Shakespeare. London: Penguin Books, 2005.
  [Publisher; Amazon.com.]
• Randall Martin. Shakespeare and Ecology. Oxford Shakespeare Topics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]

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Wikipedia Articles:

Shakespeare:

• William Shakespeare (1564–1616).
• Shakespearean history.
• First Tetralogy: Henry VI, Part One; Henry VI, Part Two; Henry VI, Part Three; and Richard III.
• Henry VI, Part 3, written by 1591 or 1592; publicly performed by mid-1592; first published in 1595 as The True Tragedie of Richard Duke of Yorke, and the death of good King Henrie the Sixt.
  The play presents events of the late 1450s through the early 1470s.

English Renaissance Drama:

• English Renaissance, 16th - 17th Centuries.
• English literature: English Renaissance (1500–1660).
• Elizabethan literature.
• English Renaissance theatre.

England during Shakespeare's Time:

• Elizabethan era, 1558–1603.
• Elizabethan government.
• Elizabeth I (1533–1603), Queen of England 1558–1603.
• Elizabeth I: Later years.
• Jacobean era, 1603–1625.
• James VI and I (1566–1625), King of England as James I, 1603–1625.
• Stuart period, 1603–1714.
• Early modern Britain, 16th – 18th Centuries.

Historical People and Events:

• House of Plantagenet.
~~~~~ The Lancastrians ~~~~~
• House of Lancaster.
• House of Beaufort.
• Henry VI of England (1421–1471); King of England 1422–1461 and 1470–1471; died (murdered?) soon after the Battle of Tewkesbury.
  • Margaret of Anjou (1430–1482); daughter of René of Anjou; wife of Henry VI 1445-1471; Queen consort of England 1445–1461 and 1470–1471.
  • Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales (1453–1471); son of Henry VI and Margaret of Anjou; killed at the Battle of Tewkesbury.
• Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham (1402–1460); killed at the Battle of Northampton.
• Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset (1436–1464); son of Edmund Beaufort and Eleanor Beauchamp, daughter of Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick; a commander of Lancastrian forces; executed after the Battle of Hexham.
• John Clifford, 9th Baron Clifford (1435–1461); a commander of Lancastrian forces; killed at the Battle of Ferrybridge the day before the Battle of Towton.
• Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland (1421–1461); a commander of Lancastrian forces; killed at the Battle of Towton.
• Lady Margaret Beaufort (1441/43–1509); daughter of John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset (1404–1444); great-granddaughter of John of Gaunt; mother of Henry Tudor; influential advocate for the Lancastrian and Tudor dynasties.
• Henry Tudor, 2nd Earl of Richmond (1457–1509); Earl of Richmond 1457–1461; King of England as Henry VII 1485–1509.
• House of Tudor.
~~~~~ The Yorkists ~~~~~
• House of York.
• Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York (1411–1460); Richard Plantagenet; Duke of York 1425–1460; grandson of Edmund of Langley on his father's side; great-great-grandson of Lionel of Antwerp on his mother's side; (Edmund and Lionel were sons of Edward III); killed at the Battle of Wakefield.
• Edward Plantagenet (1442–1483); first surviving son of Richard, Duke of York; Earl of March 1442–1483; King of England as Edward IV 1460–1470 and 1471–1483.
  • Elizabeth Woodville (c. 1437–1492); known as Lady Gray after her first husband John Grey of Groby (who died at the Second Battle of St Albans in 1461); married Edward IV in 1464; Queen consort of England 1464–1470 and 1471–1483.
  • Elizabeth of York (1466– 1503); daughter of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville; married Henry VII in January 1486; Queen consort of England 1486–1503.
  • Edward V of England (1470–c. mid-1483); son of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville; king of England April–June, 1483.
  • Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York (1473–c. mid-1483); son of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville.
  • Princes in the Tower.
• Edmund, Earl of Rutland (1443–1460); second surviving son of Richard, Duke of York; killed at the Battle of Wakefield.
• George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence (1449–1478); third surviving son of Richard, Duke of York; Duke of Clarence 1461–1478; executed for treason against his brother Edward IV.
• Richard Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester (1452–1485); fourth surviving son of Richard, Duke of York; Duke of Gloucester 1461–1485; King of England as Richard III 1483–1485; killed at the Battle of Bosworth Field.
• Elizabeth of York, Duchess of Suffolk (1444–c.1503); daughter of Richard, Duke of York; sister of Edward IV, Richard III, etc.; wife of John de la Pole, 2nd Duke of Suffolk (son of William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk, favourite of Henry VI who appeared in 1 Henry VI and 2 Henry VI).
• Margaret of York (1446–1503); daughter of Richard, Duke of York; sister of Edward IV, Richard III, etc.; wife of Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy; Duchess of Burgundy 1468–1477.
• Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury (1400–1460); executed by Lancastrians after the Battle of Wakefield.
• Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick (1428–1471); son of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury; Captain of Calais 1455–1458 and 1461–1471; Earl of Salisbury 1462–1471; "Warwick the Kingmaker"; killed at the Battle of Barnet.
  • Anne Beauchamp, 16th Countess of Warwick (1426–1492); wife of Warwick the Kingmaker.
  • Isabel Neville, Duchess of Clarence (1451–1476); daughter of Warwick the Kingmaker; wife of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence; Duchess of Clarence 1469–1476.
  • Anne Neville (1456–1485); daughter of Warwick the Kingmaker; wife of Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales 1470–1471; wife of Richard Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester 1472–1485; Queen consort of England 1483–1485.
• Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury (1400–1460); father of "Warwick the Kingmaker"; killed after the Battle of Wakefield; part of the composite character "Montague" in Henry VI, Part Three.
• John Neville, 1st Marquess of Montagu (c.1431–1471); brother of "Warwick the Kingmaker"; killed at the Battle of Barnet; part of the composite character "Montague" in Henry VI, Part Three.
• Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers (c.1440–1483); brother of Elizabeth Woodville; executed by Richard, Duke of Gloucester.
~~~~~ The French ~~~~~
• Louis XI (1423–1483); King of France 1461–1483.
• Bona of Savoy (1449–1503); sister-in-law of Louis XI.
~~~~~ Events ~~~~~
• Wars of the Roses, 1455 – 1487.
• First Battle of St Albans, May 1455.
• Loveday, 1458.
• Battle of Northampton (1460), 10 July 1460.
• Act of Accord, 25 October 1460; under which Richard, Duke of York, and his heirs would succeed Henry VI.
• Battle of Wakefield, 30 December 1460; Richard, Duke of York, killed.
• Second Battle of St Albans, 17 February 1461.
• Battle of Ferrybridge, 28 March 1461.
• Battle of Towton, 29 March 1461; Yorkist victory; Edward IV becomes king.
• Battle of Hexham, 15 May 1464.
• Readeption of Henry VI, 3 October 1470.
• Battle of Barnet, 14 April 1471; Warwick and his brother John Neville killed.
• Battle of Tewkesbury, 4 May 1471; Yorkist victory; Edward IV restored as king; Henry VI dies soon after.
~~~~~ Economic History ~~~~~
• Great Slump (15th century), England, 1430s – 1480s.
• Great Bullion Famine, Europe, 15th century.
  (This economic need for bullion spurred innovations across society and societies, especially, for example: financial arrangements, technological developments in mining and ship design, and geographical exploration, expanding trade to Africa, Asia and the Americas, with far reaching consequences.)
• Economy of England in the Middle Ages.
• England in the Late Middle Ages.
• Intercursus Magnus, commercial treaty signed in February 1496.
  (This Wikipedia article has some background discussion on the economy and politics of the late 15th century.)
• Commercial Revolution, 11th century onwards.
• Mining and metallurgy in medieval Europe.
• History of banking: Medieval Europe.
• Economic history of Europe (1000 AD–present).
• Price revolution, Europe, between second half of 15th century and first half of 17th century.
• Age of Discovery, 15th century – 17th century.

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In Our Time:

• Melvyn Bragg, Emma Smith, Gordon McMullan, Katherine Lewis, "Is Shakespeare History? The Plantagenets," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 11 October 2018.
  • See episode notes for references.
• Melvyn Bragg, Helen Castor, Colin Richmond, Steven Gunn, "The Wars of the Roses," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 18 May 2000.
  • Helen Castor (b. 1968), Wikipedia.
  • Colin Richmond (b. 1937), Wikipedia.
  • Steven Gunn, Wikipedia.
  • Helen Castor. Blood and Roses: One Family's Struggle and Triumph During the Tumultuous Wars of the Roses. London: Faber and Faber, 2004. New York: Harper Perennial, 2007.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Helen Castor. She-Wolves: The Women Who Ruled England Before Elizabeth. London: Faber and Faber, 2011. New York: Harper Perennial, 2012.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • The Paston Letters: A Selection in Modern Spelling. Edited by Norman Davis. Oxford World's Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Christine Carpenter. The Wars of the Roses: Politics and the Constitution in England, c.1437–1509. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Melvyn Bragg, Katherine Lewis, James Ross, Joanna Laynesmith, "Margaret of Anjou," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 24 May 2018.
  • See episode notes for references.

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