Shakespeare, Richard III (2000)

William Shakespeare.
The Tragedy of King Richard III.
Edited by John Jowett.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
This edition first published in 2000.

Book Information: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.

Book Series: The Oxford Shakespeare; Oxford World's Classics.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Editor:

• Professor John Jowett, Emeritus Professor of Shakespeare Studies, The Shakespeare Institute, University of Birmingham.
• Jowett, John, OCLC WorldCat Identities.
• John Jowett, Wikipedia.
• William Shakespeare and Thomas Middleton. Timon of Athens. Edited by John Jowett. The Oxford Shakespeare. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004, 2009.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• John Jowett. Shakespeare and Text, Revised Edition. Oxford Shakespeare Topics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Wikipedia Articles:

Shakespeare:

• William Shakespeare (1564–1616).
• Shakespearean history.
• First Tetralogy: Henry VI, Part One; Henry VI, Part Two; Henry VI, Part Three; and Richard III.
• Richard III, written c.1592–1594; first printed in 1597.
  The play presents events from 1471 to 1485.

English Renaissance Drama:

• English Renaissance, 16th - 17th Centuries.
• English literature: English Renaissance (1500–1660).
• Elizabethan literature.
• English Renaissance theatre.

England during Shakespeare's Time:

• Elizabethan era, 1558–1603.
• Elizabethan government.
• Elizabeth I (1533–1603), Queen of England 1558–1603.
• Elizabeth I: Later years.
• Jacobean era, 1603–1625.
• James VI and I (1566–1625), King of England as James I, 1603–1625.
• Stuart period, 1603–1714.
• Early modern Britain, 16th – 18th Centuries.

Historical People and Events:

• House of Plantagenet.
~~~~~ The Yorkists ~~~~~
• House of York.
• Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York (1411–1460); Richard Plantagenet; Duke of York 1425–1460; grandson of Edmund of Langley on his father's side; great-great-grandson of Lionel of Antwerp on his mother's side; (Edmund and Lionel were sons of Edward III); killed at the Battle of Wakefield.
• Cecily Neville, Duchess of York (1415–1495); wife of Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York; aunt of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick ("Warwick the Kingmaker"); mother of Edward IV, Richard III, etc.
• Edward Plantagenet (1442–1483); first surviving son of Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York; Earl of March 1442–1483; King of England as Edward IV 1460–1470 and 1471–1483.
  • Elizabeth Woodville (c. 1437–1492); known as Lady Gray after her first husband John Grey of Groby (who died at the Second Battle of St Albans in 1461); married Edward IV in 1464; Queen consort of England 1464–1470 and 1471–1483.
  • Elizabeth of York (1466–1503); daughter of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville; married Henry VII in January 1486; Queen consort of England 1486–1503.
  • Edward V of England (1470–c. mid-1483); son of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville; king of England April–June, 1483.
  • Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York (1473–c. mid-1483); son of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville.
  • Princes in the Tower.
  • Jane Shore (c.1445–c.1527); mistress of Edward IV.
• George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence (1449–1478); third surviving son of Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York; Duke of Clarence 1461–1478; executed for treason against his brother Edward IV.
• Richard Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester (1452–1485); fourth surviving son of Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York; Duke of Gloucester 1461–1485; King of England as Richard III 1483–1485; killed at the Battle of Bosworth Field.
• Elizabeth of York, Duchess of Suffolk (1444–c.1503); daughter of Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York; sister of Edward IV, Richard III, etc.; wife of John de la Pole, 2nd Duke of Suffolk (son of William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk, favourite of Henry VI who appeared in 1 Henry VI and 2 Henry VI).
• Margaret of York (1446–1503); daughter of Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York; sister of Edward IV, Richard III, etc.; wife of Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy; Duchess of Burgundy 1468–1477.
• Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick (1428–1471); son of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury; Captain of Calais 1455–1458 and 1461–1471; Earl of Salisbury 1462–1471; "Warwick the Kingmaker"; killed at the Battle of Barnet.
  • Anne Beauchamp, 16th Countess of Warwick (1426–1492); wife of Warwick the Kingmaker.
  • Isabel Neville, Duchess of Clarence (1451–1476); daughter of Warwick the Kingmaker; wife of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence; Duchess of Clarence 1469–1476.
  • Anne Neville (1456–1485); daughter of Warwick the Kingmaker; wife of Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales 1470–1471 (killed at or after the Battle of Tewkesbury); wife of Richard Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester 1472–1485; Queen consort of England 1483–1485.
• Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers (c.1440–1483); brother of Elizabeth Woodville; executed at Pontefract Castle by Richard, Duke of Gloucester.
• Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset (1455–1501); first son of Elizabeth Woodville and her first husband John Grey of Groby.
• Richard Grey (1457–1483); younger son of Elizabeth Woodville and her first husband John Grey of Groby; executed at Pontefract Castle by Richard, Duke of Gloucester.
• William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings (c.1431–1483); Lord Chamberlain of Edward IV; accused of high treason by Richard, Duke of Gloucester, and summarily executed.
• Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham (1455–1483); assisted Richard III's accession to the throne June 1483; rebelled against Richard III in October 1483; executed for treason against Richard III in November 1483.
• William Catesby (1450–1485); councillor of Richard III, Chancellor of the Exchequer and Speaker of the House of Commons during Richard's reign; executed after the Battle of Bosworth Field.
~~~~~ The Lancastrians ~~~~~
• House of Lancaster.
• House of Beaufort.
• Henry VI of England (1421–1471); King of England 1422–1461 and 1470–1471; died (murdered?) soon after the Battle of Tewkesbury.
  • Margaret of Anjou (1430–1482); daughter of René of Anjou; wife of Henry VI 1445-1471; Queen consort of England 1445–1461 and 1470–1471.
  • Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales (1453–1471); son of Henry VI and Margaret of Anjou; killed at or after the Battle of Tewkesbury.
• Lady Margaret Beaufort (1441/43–1509); daughter of John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset (1404–1444); great-granddaughter of John of Gaunt; mother of Henry Tudor; influential advocate for the Lancastrian and Tudor dynasties.
• Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby (1435–1504); husband of Lady Margaret Beaufort; step-father of Henry Tudor.
• Henry Tudor, 2nd Earl of Richmond (1457–1509); Earl of Richmond 1457–1461; King of England as Henry VII 1485–1509.
• House of Tudor.
~~~~~ Events ~~~~~
• Wars of the Roses, 1455 – 1487.
• First Battle of St Albans, May 1455.
• Battle of Northampton (1460), 10 July 1460.
• Act of Accord, 25 October 1460; under which Richard, Duke of York, and his heirs would succeed Henry VI.
• Battle of Wakefield, 30 December 1460; Richard, Duke of York, killed.
• Battle of Towton, 29 March 1461; Yorkist victory; Edward IV becomes king.
• Readeption of Henry VI, 3 October 1470; Henry VI restored as king.
• Battle of Barnet, 14 April 1471; Warwick and his brother John Neville killed.
• Battle of Tewkesbury, 4 May 1471; Yorkist victory; Edward IV restored as king; Henry VI dies soon after.
• Buckingham's rebellion, October 1483; against Richard III.
• Battle of Bosworth Field, 22 August 1485; Tudor (Lancastrian) victory; Richard III killed; Henry Tudor becomes king Henry VII; end of the Plantagenet dynasty, beginning of the Tudor dynasty.
• Battle of Stoke Field, 16 June 1487; final defeat of the Yorkists.
~~~~~ Economic History ~~~~~
• Great Slump (15th century), England, 1430s – 1480s.
• Great Bullion Famine, Europe, 15th century.
  (This economic need for bullion spurred innovations across society and societies, especially, for example: financial arrangements, technological developments in mining and ship design, and geographical exploration, expanding trade to Africa, Asia and the Americas, with far reaching consequences.)
• Economy of England in the Middle Ages.
• England in the Late Middle Ages.
• Intercursus Magnus, commercial treaty signed in February 1496.
  (This Wikipedia article has some background discussion on the economy and politics of the late 15th century.)
• Commercial Revolution, 11th century onwards.
• Mining and metallurgy in medieval Europe.
• History of banking: Medieval Europe.
• Economic history of Europe (1000 AD–present).
• Price revolution, Europe, between second half of 15th century and first half of 17th century.
• Age of Discovery, 15th century – 17th century.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

In Our Time:

• Melvyn Bragg, Emma Smith, Gordon McMullan, Katherine Lewis, "Is Shakespeare History? The Plantagenets," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 11 October 2018.
  • See episode notes for references.
• Melvyn Bragg, Helen Castor, Colin Richmond, Steven Gunn, "The Wars of the Roses," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 18 May 2000.
  • Helen Castor (b. 1968), Wikipedia.
  • Colin Richmond (b. 1937), Wikipedia.
  • Steven Gunn, Wikipedia.
  • Helen Castor. Blood and Roses: One Family's Struggle and Triumph During the Tumultuous Wars of the Roses. London: Faber and Faber, 2004. New York: Harper Perennial, 2007.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Helen Castor. She-Wolves: The Women Who Ruled England Before Elizabeth. London: Faber and Faber, 2011. New York: Harper Perennial, 2012.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • The Paston Letters: A Selection in Modern Spelling. Edited by Norman Davis. Oxford World's Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Christine Carpenter. The Wars of the Roses: Politics and the Constitution in England, c.1437–1509. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Melvyn Bragg, Katherine Lewis, James Ross, Joanna Laynesmith, "Margaret of Anjou," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 24 May 2018.
  • See episode notes for references.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part Three (2001)

William Shakespeare.
Henry VI, Part Three.
Edited by Randall Martin.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
This edition first published in 2001.

Book Information: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.

Book Series: The Oxford Shakespeare; Oxford World's Classics.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Editor:

• Randall Martin is Professor Emeritus, Department of English, University of New Brunswick (Fredericton), Canada.
• Martin, Randall 1958-, OCLC WorldCat Identities.
• Randall Martin, editor. Women Writers in Renaissance England: An Annotated Anthology, Second Edition. London and New York: Routledge, 2010.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• William Shakespeare. The Comedy of Errors. Edited by Stanley Wells. Introduction by Randall Martin. The Penguin Shakespeare. London: Penguin Books, 2005.
  [Publisher; Amazon.com.]
• Randall Martin. Shakespeare and Ecology. Oxford Shakespeare Topics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Wikipedia Articles:

Shakespeare:

• William Shakespeare (1564–1616).
• Shakespearean history.
• First Tetralogy: Henry VI, Part One; Henry VI, Part Two; Henry VI, Part Three; and Richard III.
• Henry VI, Part 3, written by 1591 or 1592; publicly performed by mid-1592; first published in 1595 as The True Tragedie of Richard Duke of Yorke, and the death of good King Henrie the Sixt.
  The play presents events of the late 1450s through the early 1470s.

English Renaissance Drama:

• English Renaissance, 16th - 17th Centuries.
• English literature: English Renaissance (1500–1660).
• Elizabethan literature.
• English Renaissance theatre.

England during Shakespeare's Time:

• Elizabethan era, 1558–1603.
• Elizabethan government.
• Elizabeth I (1533–1603), Queen of England 1558–1603.
• Elizabeth I: Later years.
• Jacobean era, 1603–1625.
• James VI and I (1566–1625), King of England as James I, 1603–1625.
• Stuart period, 1603–1714.
• Early modern Britain, 16th – 18th Centuries.

Historical People and Events:

• House of Plantagenet.
~~~~~ The Lancastrians ~~~~~
• House of Lancaster.
• House of Beaufort.
• Henry VI of England (1421–1471); King of England 1422–1461 and 1470–1471; died (murdered?) soon after the Battle of Tewkesbury.
  • Margaret of Anjou (1430–1482); daughter of René of Anjou; wife of Henry VI 1445-1471; Queen consort of England 1445–1461 and 1470–1471.
  • Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales (1453–1471); son of Henry VI and Margaret of Anjou; killed at the Battle of Tewkesbury.
• Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham (1402–1460); killed at the Battle of Northampton.
• Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset (1436–1464); son of Edmund Beaufort and Eleanor Beauchamp, daughter of Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick; a commander of Lancastrian forces; executed after the Battle of Hexham.
• John Clifford, 9th Baron Clifford (1435–1461); a commander of Lancastrian forces; killed at the Battle of Ferrybridge the day before the Battle of Towton.
• Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland (1421–1461); a commander of Lancastrian forces; killed at the Battle of Towton.
• Lady Margaret Beaufort (1441/43–1509); daughter of John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset (1404–1444); great-granddaughter of John of Gaunt; mother of Henry Tudor; influential advocate for the Lancastrian and Tudor dynasties.
• Henry Tudor, 2nd Earl of Richmond (1457–1509); Earl of Richmond 1457–1461; King of England as Henry VII 1485–1509.
• House of Tudor.
~~~~~ The Yorkists ~~~~~
• House of York.
• Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York (1411–1460); Richard Plantagenet; Duke of York 1425–1460; grandson of Edmund of Langley on his father's side; great-great-grandson of Lionel of Antwerp on his mother's side; (Edmund and Lionel were sons of Edward III); killed at the Battle of Wakefield.
• Edward Plantagenet (1442–1483); first surviving son of Richard, Duke of York; Earl of March 1442–1483; King of England as Edward IV 1460–1470 and 1471–1483.
  • Elizabeth Woodville (c. 1437–1492); known as Lady Gray after her first husband John Grey of Groby (who died at the Second Battle of St Albans in 1461); married Edward IV in 1464; Queen consort of England 1464–1470 and 1471–1483.
  • Elizabeth of York (1466– 1503); daughter of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville; married Henry VII in January 1486; Queen consort of England 1486–1503.
  • Edward V of England (1470–c. mid-1483); son of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville; king of England April–June, 1483.
  • Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York (1473–c. mid-1483); son of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville.
  • Princes in the Tower.
• Edmund, Earl of Rutland (1443–1460); second surviving son of Richard, Duke of York; killed at the Battle of Wakefield.
• George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence (1449–1478); third surviving son of Richard, Duke of York; Duke of Clarence 1461–1478; executed for treason against his brother Edward IV.
• Richard Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester (1452–1485); fourth surviving son of Richard, Duke of York; Duke of Gloucester 1461–1485; King of England as Richard III 1483–1485; killed at the Battle of Bosworth Field.
• Elizabeth of York, Duchess of Suffolk (1444–c.1503); daughter of Richard, Duke of York; sister of Edward IV, Richard III, etc.; wife of John de la Pole, 2nd Duke of Suffolk (son of William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk, favourite of Henry VI who appeared in 1 Henry VI and 2 Henry VI).
• Margaret of York (1446–1503); daughter of Richard, Duke of York; sister of Edward IV, Richard III, etc.; wife of Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy; Duchess of Burgundy 1468–1477.
• Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury (1400–1460); executed by Lancastrians after the Battle of Wakefield.
• Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick (1428–1471); son of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury; Captain of Calais 1455–1458 and 1461–1471; Earl of Salisbury 1462–1471; "Warwick the Kingmaker"; killed at the Battle of Barnet.
  • Anne Beauchamp, 16th Countess of Warwick (1426–1492); wife of Warwick the Kingmaker.
  • Isabel Neville, Duchess of Clarence (1451–1476); daughter of Warwick the Kingmaker; wife of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence; Duchess of Clarence 1469–1476.
  • Anne Neville (1456–1485); daughter of Warwick the Kingmaker; wife of Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales 1470–1471; wife of Richard Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester 1472–1485; Queen consort of England 1483–1485.
• Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury (1400–1460); father of "Warwick the Kingmaker"; killed after the Battle of Wakefield; part of the composite character "Montague" in Henry VI, Part Three.
• John Neville, 1st Marquess of Montagu (c.1431–1471); brother of "Warwick the Kingmaker"; killed at the Battle of Barnet; part of the composite character "Montague" in Henry VI, Part Three.
• Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers (c.1440–1483); brother of Elizabeth Woodville; executed by Richard, Duke of Gloucester.
~~~~~ The French ~~~~~
• Louis XI (1423–1483); King of France 1461–1483.
• Bona of Savoy (1449–1503); sister-in-law of Louis XI.
~~~~~ Events ~~~~~
• Wars of the Roses, 1455 – 1487.
• First Battle of St Albans, May 1455.
• Loveday, 1458.
• Battle of Northampton (1460), 10 July 1460.
• Act of Accord, 25 October 1460; under which Richard, Duke of York, and his heirs would succeed Henry VI.
• Battle of Wakefield, 30 December 1460; Richard, Duke of York, killed.
• Second Battle of St Albans, 17 February 1461.
• Battle of Ferrybridge, 28 March 1461.
• Battle of Towton, 29 March 1461; Yorkist victory; Edward IV becomes king.
• Battle of Hexham, 15 May 1464.
• Readeption of Henry VI, 3 October 1470.
• Battle of Barnet, 14 April 1471; Warwick and his brother John Neville killed.
• Battle of Tewkesbury, 4 May 1471; Yorkist victory; Edward IV restored as king; Henry VI dies soon after.
~~~~~ Economic History ~~~~~
• Great Slump (15th century), England, 1430s – 1480s.
• Great Bullion Famine, Europe, 15th century.
  (This economic need for bullion spurred innovations across society and societies, especially, for example: financial arrangements, technological developments in mining and ship design, and geographical exploration, expanding trade to Africa, Asia and the Americas, with far reaching consequences.)
• Economy of England in the Middle Ages.
• England in the Late Middle Ages.
• Intercursus Magnus, commercial treaty signed in February 1496.
  (This Wikipedia article has some background discussion on the economy and politics of the late 15th century.)
• Commercial Revolution, 11th century onwards.
• Mining and metallurgy in medieval Europe.
• History of banking: Medieval Europe.
• Economic history of Europe (1000 AD–present).
• Price revolution, Europe, between second half of 15th century and first half of 17th century.
• Age of Discovery, 15th century – 17th century.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

In Our Time:

• Melvyn Bragg, Emma Smith, Gordon McMullan, Katherine Lewis, "Is Shakespeare History? The Plantagenets," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 11 October 2018.
  • See episode notes for references.
• Melvyn Bragg, Helen Castor, Colin Richmond, Steven Gunn, "The Wars of the Roses," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 18 May 2000.
  • Helen Castor (b. 1968), Wikipedia.
  • Colin Richmond (b. 1937), Wikipedia.
  • Steven Gunn, Wikipedia.
  • Helen Castor. Blood and Roses: One Family's Struggle and Triumph During the Tumultuous Wars of the Roses. London: Faber and Faber, 2004. New York: Harper Perennial, 2007.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Helen Castor. She-Wolves: The Women Who Ruled England Before Elizabeth. London: Faber and Faber, 2011. New York: Harper Perennial, 2012.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • The Paston Letters: A Selection in Modern Spelling. Edited by Norman Davis. Oxford World's Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Christine Carpenter. The Wars of the Roses: Politics and the Constitution in England, c.1437–1509. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Melvyn Bragg, Katherine Lewis, James Ross, Joanna Laynesmith, "Margaret of Anjou," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 24 May 2018.
  • See episode notes for references.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part Two (2003)

William Shakespeare.
Henry VI, Part Two.
Edited by Roger Warren.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
This edition was first published in 2003.

Book Information: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.

Book Series: The Oxford Shakespeare; Oxford World's Classics.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Editor:

• Roger Warren was a Senior Lecturer of English, University of Leicester.
• Roger Warren. Staging Shakespeare's Late Plays. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  
• Roger Warren edited these other plays in The Oxford Shakespeare series:
  • William Shakespeare. Twelfth Night, or What You Will. Edited by Roger Warren and Stanley Wells. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • William Shakespeare. Cymbeline. Edited by Roger Warren. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • William Shakespeare. Pericles. Edited by Roger Warren. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • William Shakespeare. The Two Gentlemen of Verona. Edited by Roger Warren. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Edward Hall and Roger Warren. Rose Rage: Adapted from Shakespeare's Henry VI Plays. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2001.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Wikipedia Articles:

Shakespeare:

• William Shakespeare (1564–1616).
• Shakespearean history.
• First Tetralogy: Henry VI, Part One; Henry VI, Part Two; Henry VI, Part Three; and Richard III.
• Henry VI, Part 2, written by 1591 or 1592; first published in 1594 as The First part of the Contention betwixt the two famous Houses of Yorke and Lancaster.
  The play presents events in England of the 1440s to the mid-1450s.

English Renaissance Drama:

• English Renaissance, 16th - 17th Centuries.
• English literature: English Renaissance (1500–1660).
• Elizabethan literature.
• English Renaissance theatre.

England during Shakespeare's Time:

• Elizabethan era, 1558–1603.
• Elizabethan government.
• Elizabeth I (1533–1603), Queen of England 1558–1603.
• Elizabeth I: Later years.
• Jacobean era, 1603–1625.
• James VI and I (1566–1625), King of England as James I, 1603–1625.
• Stuart period, 1603–1714.
• Early modern Britain, 16th – 18th Centuries.

Historical People and Events:

~~~ Lancastrians ~~~
• House of Lancaster.
• Henry VI of England (1421–1471); King of England 1422–1461 and 1470–1471.
• Margaret of Anjou (1430–1482); daughter of René of Anjou; wife of Henry VI 1445-1471; Queen consort of England 1445–1461 and 1470–1471.
• Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester (1390–1447); fourth and youngest son of Henry IV; brother of Henry V; uncle of Henry VI; Lord Protector of England during the minority of Henry VI; arrested on a charge of treason in February 1447.
• Eleanor Cobham, Duchess of Gloucester (c.1400–1452); wife of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester 1428–1441; Duchess of Gloucester 1436–1441; "in 1441 was forcibly divorced and sentenced to life imprisonment for treasonable necromancy".
• Henry Beaufort (c.1375–1447); Bishop of Winchester 1404–1447; Cardinal 1426–1447; son of John of Gaunt.
• William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk (1396–1450).
• Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham (1402–1460).
• John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset (1404–1444); son of John Beaufort; grandson of John of Gaunt; maternal grandfather of Henry VII; a commander in France 1440s.
• Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset (1406–1455); son of John Beaufort; grandson of John of Gaunt; rival of Richard, Duke of York; a commander in France 1440s–1450s; killed at the First Battle of St Albans.
• Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset (1436–1464); son of Edmund Beaufort and Eleanor Beauchamp, daughter of Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick; a commander of Lancastrian forces during the Wars of the Roses.
~~~ Yorkists ~~~
• House of York.
• Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York (1411–1460); Richard Plantagenet; Duke of York 1425–1460; grandson of Edmund of Langley on his father's side; great-great-grandson of Lionel of Antwerp on his mother's side; (Edmund and Lionel were sons of Edward III); Lieutenant-general of France 1436–1437 and 1440-1445; Lieutenant of Ireland 1447–1460; Lord Protector April 1454 – January 1455.
• Edward Plantagenet (1442–1483); son of Richard, Duke of York; Earl of March 1442–1483; King of England as Edward IV 1460–1470 and 1471–1483.
• Richard Plantagenet (1452–1485); son of Richard, Duke of York; Duke of Gloucester 1461–1485; King of England as Richard III 1483–1485.
• Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury (1400–1460).
• Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick (1428–1471); son of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury; "Warwick the Kingmaker".
~~~ Events ~~~
• Hundred Years' War, 1415–1453, the Lancastrian War.
• Jack Cade's Rebellion, April – July 1450, south-east England.
• Wars of the Roses, 1455 – 1487.
• First Battle of St Albans, May 1455.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

In Our Time:

• Melvyn Bragg, Emma Smith, Gordon McMullan, Katherine Lewis, "Is Shakespeare History? The Plantagenets," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 11 October 2018.
  • See episode notes for references.
• Melvyn Bragg, Helen Castor, Colin Richmond, Steven Gunn, "The Wars of the Roses," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 18 May 2000.
  • Helen Castor (b. 1968), Wikipedia.
  • Colin Richmond (b. 1937), Wikipedia.
  • Steven Gunn, Wikipedia.
  • Helen Castor. Blood and Roses: One Family's Struggle and Triumph During the Tumultuous Wars of the Roses. London: Faber and Faber, 2004. New York: Harper Perennial, 2007.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Helen Castor. She-Wolves: The Women Who Ruled England Before Elizabeth. London: Faber and Faber, 2011. New York: Harper Perennial, 2012.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • The Paston Letters: A Selection in Modern Spelling. Edited by Norman Davis. Oxford World's Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  • Christine Carpenter. The Wars of the Roses: Politics and the Constitution in England, c.1437–1509. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
    [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Melvyn Bragg, Katherine Lewis, James Ross, Joanna Laynesmith, "Margaret of Anjou," In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, 24 May 2018.
  • See episode notes for references.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part One (2003)

William Shakespeare.
Henry VI, Part One.
Edited by Michael Taylor.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
This edition first published in 2003.

Book Information: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.

Book Series: The Oxford Shakespeare; Oxford World's Classics.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Editor:

• Michael Taylor was Professor of English at the University of New Brunswick, Canada.
• Taylor, Michael 1935-, OCLC WorldCat Identities.
• Michael Taylor. Shakespeare Criticism in the Twentieth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  
• Michael Taylor, "The Darker Purpose of A Midsummer Night's Dream", Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 259-273, Spring 1969.
• William Shakespeare. Richard III. Introduction by Michael Taylor. Edited by E.A.J. Honigmann. The Penguin Shakespeare. London: Penguin Classics, 2005, 2015.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.co.uk.]
• Thomas Middleton. A Mad World, My Masters and Other Plays. Edited by Michael Taylor. Oxford World's Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995, 2009.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  

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Wikipedia Articles:

Shakespeare:

• William Shakespeare (1564–1616).
• Shakespearean history.
• First Tetralogy: Henry VI, Part One; Henry VI, Part Two; Henry VI, Part Three; and Richard III.
• Henry VI, Part 1, written by early 1592; first documented performance March 1592; first published in 1623.
  The play presents events of the 1420s (aftermath of the death of Henry V, rise of Joan of Arc, siege of Orléans); 1430s (trial of Joan of Arc, Treaty of Arras); 1440s (marriage contract with Margaret of Anjou); 1450s (Battle of Castillon, death of Talbot, increasing political instability of the English).

English Renaissance Drama:

• English Renaissance, 16th - 17th Centuries.
• English literature: English Renaissance (1500–1660).
• Elizabethan literature.
• English Renaissance theatre.

England during Shakespeare's Time:

• Elizabethan era, 1558–1603.
• Elizabethan government.
• Elizabeth I (1533–1603), Queen of England 1558–1603.
• Elizabeth I: Later years.
• Jacobean era, 1603–1625.
• James VI and I (1566–1625), King of England as James I, 1603–1625.
• Stuart period, 1603–1714.
• Early modern Britain, 16th – 18th Centuries.

Historical People and Events:

~~~ The English ~~~
• Henry VI of England (1421–1471); King of England 1422–1461 and 1470–1471.
• John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (1389–1435); third son of Henry IV; uncle of Henry VI; regent of France for Henry VI.
• Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester (1390–1447); fourth and youngest son of Henry IV; uncle of Henry VI; Lord Protector of England during the minority of Henry VI.
• Henry Beaufort (c.1375–1447); Bishop of Winchester; son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster.
• John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset (1404–1444); son of John Beaufort; grandson of John of Gaunt; maternal grandfather of Henry VII.
• Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset (1406–1455); son of John Beaufort; grandson of John of Gaunt.
• William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk (1396–1450).
• Richard Plantagenet (1411–1460); Duke of York 1425–1460; grandson of Edmund of Langley on his father's side; great-great-grandson of Lionel of Antwerp on his mother's side; (Edmund and Lionel were sons of Edward III).
• Thomas Montagu, 4th Earl of Salisbury (1388–1428); English military leader; died at the siege of Orléans.
• Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick (1382–1439); English military leader.
• John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury (c.1387–1453); English military leader; died at the Battle of Castillon.
• Edmund Mortimer (rebel) (1376–1409); cousin of Henry Bolingbroke; brother-in-law of Henry 'Hotspur' Percy.
• Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March (1391–1425); nephew of the rebel Edmund Mortimer; heir presumptive to Richard II.
• John Fastolf (1380–1459); English military leader.
~~~ The French ~~~
• Charles VII of France (1403–1461); Dauphin of France 1417–1422; King of France 1422–1461.
• Philip the Good (1396–1467); Duke of Burgundy 1419–1467; ally of England 1420–1435.
• Jean de Dunois (1402–1468); the "Bastard of Orléans"; French military leader.
• Joan of Arc (c.1412–1431); French military leader.
• René of Anjou (1409–1480); Duke of Anjou 1434–1480; called Reignier in Henry VI, Part One.
• Margaret of Anjou (1430–1482); daughter of René of Anjou; wife of Henry VI 1445-1471; Queen consort of England 1445–1461 and 1470–1471.
~~~ Events ~~~
• Hundred Years' War, 1337 – 1453.
• Hundred Years' War, 1415–1453, the Lancastrian War.
• Siege of Orléans, October 1428 – May 1429.
• Battle of Patay, June 1429.
• Siege of Compiègne, May – November 1430; Burgundians captured Joan of Arc and sold her to the English.
• Trial of Joan of Arc, January – May 1431.
• Treaty of Arras, September 1435, ended the English-Burgundian alliance.
• Battle of Castillon, July 1453, the final action of the Hundred Years' War.
• Wars of the Roses, 1455 – 1487.

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Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice (1993)

William Shakespeare.
The Merchant of Venice.
Edited by Jay L. Halio.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
This edition first published in 1993.

Book Information: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.

Book Series: The Oxford Shakespeare; Oxford World's Classics.

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Editor:

• Jay L. Halio (born 1928) was Professor of English at the University of Delaware, USA.
• Jay L. Halio, Encyclopedia.com.
• Carlett Spike, "Jay Halio’s Intellectual Journey", UDaily (University of Delaware), 01 May 2018.
• Jay L. Halio, Folgerpedia, Folger Shakespeare Library.
• Jay L. Halio, OCLC WorldCat Identities.
• Jay L. Halio. Understanding The Merchant of Venice : A Student Casebook to Issues, Sources, and Historical Documents. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2000.
  [Publisher; WorldCat; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• William Shakespeare. The Tragedy of King Lear. Edited by Jay L. Halio. The New Cambridge Shakespeare. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992, 2005, 2020.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  
• William Shakespeare. King Henry VIII. Edited by Jay L. Halio. The Oxford Shakespeare. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000, 2008.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  

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Wikipedia Articles:

Shakespeare:

• William Shakespeare (1564–1616).
• Shakespearean comedy.
• The Merchant of Venice, written sometime between 1596 and 1598; first published in 1600.

English Renaissance Drama:

• English Renaissance, 16th - 17th Centuries.
• English literature: English Renaissance (1500–1660).
• Elizabethan literature.
• English Renaissance theatre.

England during Shakespeare's Time:

• Elizabethan era, 1558–1603.
• Elizabethan government.
• Elizabeth I (1533–1603), Queen of England 1558–1603.
• Elizabeth I: Later years.
• Jacobean era, 1603–1625.
• James VI and I (1566–1625), King of England as James I, 1603–1625.
• Stuart period, 1603–1714.
• Early modern Britain, 16th – 18th Centuries.

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Shakespeare, Love's Labour's Lost (1990)

William Shakespeare.
Love's Labour's Lost.
Edited by G. R. Hibbard.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
This edition first published in 1990.

Book Information: Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.

Book Series: The Oxford Shakespeare; Oxford World's Classics.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Editor:

• G. R. (George Richard) Hibbard (born 1915) was Professor of English at the University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
• Hibbard Prize for Shakespeare Studies, English undergraduate awards, Department of English Language and Literature, University of Waterloo.
• Mirror up to Shakespeare: Essays in Honour of G.R. Hibbard. Edited by J.C. Gray. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984.
  [Google Books; Amazon.com.]
  The preface to this book, viewable on Google Books, tells a little bit about Professor Hibbard.
• Hibbard, G. R. (George Richard) 1915-, OCLC WorldCat Identities.
• G. R. Hibbard. Thomas Nashe: A Critical Introduction. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1962.
  [Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• G. R. Hibbard. The Making of Shakespeare's Dramatic Poetry. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1981.
  [Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• William Shakespeare. Hamlet. Edited by G. R. Hibbard. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987, 2008.
  [Publisher; Google Books; Amazon.com.]
• Prof. Hibbard also edited these other plays for the Penguin Shakespeare: Coriolanus; Timon of Athens; The Merry Wives of Windsor; The Taming of the Shrew.
  Hibbard also edited an edition of Ben Johnson's Bartholomew Fair.

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Wikipedia Articles:

Shakespeare:

• William Shakespeare (1564–1616).
• Shakespearean comedy.
• Love's Labour's Lost, written sometime during 1594 to 1598; first published in 1598.
• Nine Worthies.

English Renaissance Drama:

• English Renaissance, 16th - 17th Centuries.
• English literature: English Renaissance (1500–1660).
• Elizabethan literature.
• English Renaissance theatre.

England during Shakespeare's Time:

• Elizabethan era, 1558–1603.
• Elizabethan government.
• Elizabeth I (1533–1603), Queen of England 1558–1603.
• Elizabeth I: Later years.
• Jacobean era, 1603–1625.
• James VI and I (1566–1625), King of England as James I, 1603–1625.
• Stuart period, 1603–1714.
• Early modern Britain, 16th – 18th Centuries.

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